tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Front Immunol
. 2025 Nov 18:16:1715442.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1715442. eCollection 2025. Heterologous ORFV-Ad26 vaccination broadens antibody breadth and amplifies cellular immunity against SARS-CoV-2 spike
Alena Reguzova[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Verena Haug[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Melanie Müller[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Madeleine Fandrich[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Alex Dulovic[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Ralf Amann[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
The durability of vaccine-induced immunity is often limited by waning responses, antigenic drift, and anti-vector immunity, highlighting the need for innovative vaccination strategies. Heterologous prime-boost approaches can help overcome these barriers by exploiting the complementary strengths of distinct platforms. Here, we evaluated a replication-deficient Orf virus-based spike vaccine (ORFV-S) in combination with the licensed Ad26 vector vaccine Jcovden (Ad26.COV2.S), using SARS-CoV-2 model. In a clinically aligned intramuscular immunogenicity screen in mice, Jcovden induced strong early anti-spike antibody responses but showed limited boostability, whereas ORFV-S was highly boost-responsive. Mixed regimens outperformed both homologous schedules. ORFV-S prime followed by Jcovden boost elicited the highest spike-binding antibody titers and vigorous CD4[SUP]+[/SUP] and CD8[SUP]+[/SUP] T-cell responses with a dominant Th1 profile. In the reverse regimen, ORFV-S boost improved inhibition across multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants, including immune-evasive strains and indicated qualitative improvements in the response breadth. Together, these findings suggest that sequence-dependent effects allow heterologous schedules to emphasize either cellular or humoral arms of the adaptive response.
Keywords: Jcovden; Orf virus; SARS-CoV-2; heterologous prime-boost; vaccines; viral vector.
. 2025 Nov 18:16:1715442.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1715442. eCollection 2025. Heterologous ORFV-Ad26 vaccination broadens antibody breadth and amplifies cellular immunity against SARS-CoV-2 spike
Alena Reguzova[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Verena Haug[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Melanie Müller[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Madeleine Fandrich[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Alex Dulovic[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Ralf Amann[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 41341596
- PMCID: PMC12669153
- DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1715442
The durability of vaccine-induced immunity is often limited by waning responses, antigenic drift, and anti-vector immunity, highlighting the need for innovative vaccination strategies. Heterologous prime-boost approaches can help overcome these barriers by exploiting the complementary strengths of distinct platforms. Here, we evaluated a replication-deficient Orf virus-based spike vaccine (ORFV-S) in combination with the licensed Ad26 vector vaccine Jcovden (Ad26.COV2.S), using SARS-CoV-2 model. In a clinically aligned intramuscular immunogenicity screen in mice, Jcovden induced strong early anti-spike antibody responses but showed limited boostability, whereas ORFV-S was highly boost-responsive. Mixed regimens outperformed both homologous schedules. ORFV-S prime followed by Jcovden boost elicited the highest spike-binding antibody titers and vigorous CD4[SUP]+[/SUP] and CD8[SUP]+[/SUP] T-cell responses with a dominant Th1 profile. In the reverse regimen, ORFV-S boost improved inhibition across multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants, including immune-evasive strains and indicated qualitative improvements in the response breadth. Together, these findings suggest that sequence-dependent effects allow heterologous schedules to emphasize either cellular or humoral arms of the adaptive response.
Keywords: Jcovden; Orf virus; SARS-CoV-2; heterologous prime-boost; vaccines; viral vector.