tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Front Immunol
. 2024 Nov 7:15:1408969.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1408969. eCollection 2024. Risk factors for COVID-19 pneumonia in patients with hematological malignancies: a multi-center, prospective study in China
Jun Li[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ran Chen[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Lin Cao[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Yi Liu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Yong Zhang[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Xia Wei[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Zhanshu Liu[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Zailiang Yang[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Ling Liu[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Meiyu Zhou[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Guofa Xu[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Lanting Chen[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Yao Ding[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Haike Lei[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Lisheng Liu[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Zailin Yang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Shuang Chen[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Xiaomei Zhang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Yifeng Tang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Huihui Fu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Sanxiu He[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Qing Xiao[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Xiaoqing Xie[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Qiying Li[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Yingyu Nan[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jieping Li[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Xiaoliang Chen[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Yao Liu[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Purpose: We aimed to investigate risk factors for COVID-19 pneumonia in patients with hematological malignancies (HM) after Omicron infection.
Methods: Data from a registered multi-center, prospective, observational study (ChiCTR2300071830) during the latest Omicron BA.5.2 wave in Chongqing, China was used for analysis.
Results: A total of 475 HM patients enrolled in this study. COVID-19 pneumonia was observed in 15.8% (75/475) of patients, with a median age of 58 years (interquartile range [IQR], 48-69 years) and males accounting for 61.3%. Risk factors associated with COVID-19 pneumonia included: 1) Active disease status of HM at infection, with an odds ratio (OR) of 3.42 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.59-7.37, P=0.002) compared to complete remission (CR); 2) Incomplete COVID-19 vaccination, 1-2 doses of the vaccine (OR=2.55, 95% CI: 1.28-5.10, P=0.008) or no vaccination (OR=4.81, 95% CI: 2.45-9.43, P<0.001), as opposed to 3 doses (booster); 3) chemotherapy prior to infection, <6 months (OR=2.58, 95% CI: 1.12-5.96, P=0.027) or ≥ 6 months (OR=2.93, 95% CI: 1.31-6.53, P=0.009) compared to no chemotherapy history; 4) NK-cell reduction (< 150/μL) (OR=2.19, 95% CI: 1.27-3.79, P=0.005) versus a normal range of NK cells. During the 6-week follow-up period, 12 patients (2.5%) died, accounting for 16% of COVID-19 pneumonia patients.
Conclusions: Our study investigated risk factors for COVID-19 pneumonia in HM patients after Omicron BA.5.2 infection. Highlights that HM patients with these risk factors may be susceptible to lung involvement after Omicron BA.5.2 infection and need to be taken seriously in clinical practice.
Clinical trial registration: https://www.chictr.org.cn/bin/project/edit?pid=195998, identifier ChiCTR2300071830.
Keywords: COVID-19 pneumonia; Omicron BA.5.2; SARS-CoV-2; hematological malignancies; risk factors.
. 2024 Nov 7:15:1408969.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1408969. eCollection 2024. Risk factors for COVID-19 pneumonia in patients with hematological malignancies: a multi-center, prospective study in China
Jun Li[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ran Chen[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Lin Cao[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Yi Liu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Yong Zhang[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Xia Wei[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Zhanshu Liu[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Zailiang Yang[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Ling Liu[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Meiyu Zhou[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Guofa Xu[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Lanting Chen[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Yao Ding[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Haike Lei[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Lisheng Liu[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Zailin Yang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Shuang Chen[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Xiaomei Zhang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Yifeng Tang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Huihui Fu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Sanxiu He[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Qing Xiao[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Xiaoqing Xie[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Qiying Li[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Yingyu Nan[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jieping Li[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Xiaoliang Chen[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Yao Liu[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 39575255
- PMCID: PMC11578944
- DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1408969
Purpose: We aimed to investigate risk factors for COVID-19 pneumonia in patients with hematological malignancies (HM) after Omicron infection.
Methods: Data from a registered multi-center, prospective, observational study (ChiCTR2300071830) during the latest Omicron BA.5.2 wave in Chongqing, China was used for analysis.
Results: A total of 475 HM patients enrolled in this study. COVID-19 pneumonia was observed in 15.8% (75/475) of patients, with a median age of 58 years (interquartile range [IQR], 48-69 years) and males accounting for 61.3%. Risk factors associated with COVID-19 pneumonia included: 1) Active disease status of HM at infection, with an odds ratio (OR) of 3.42 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.59-7.37, P=0.002) compared to complete remission (CR); 2) Incomplete COVID-19 vaccination, 1-2 doses of the vaccine (OR=2.55, 95% CI: 1.28-5.10, P=0.008) or no vaccination (OR=4.81, 95% CI: 2.45-9.43, P<0.001), as opposed to 3 doses (booster); 3) chemotherapy prior to infection, <6 months (OR=2.58, 95% CI: 1.12-5.96, P=0.027) or ≥ 6 months (OR=2.93, 95% CI: 1.31-6.53, P=0.009) compared to no chemotherapy history; 4) NK-cell reduction (< 150/μL) (OR=2.19, 95% CI: 1.27-3.79, P=0.005) versus a normal range of NK cells. During the 6-week follow-up period, 12 patients (2.5%) died, accounting for 16% of COVID-19 pneumonia patients.
Conclusions: Our study investigated risk factors for COVID-19 pneumonia in HM patients after Omicron BA.5.2 infection. Highlights that HM patients with these risk factors may be susceptible to lung involvement after Omicron BA.5.2 infection and need to be taken seriously in clinical practice.
Clinical trial registration: https://www.chictr.org.cn/bin/project/edit?pid=195998, identifier ChiCTR2300071830.
Keywords: COVID-19 pneumonia; Omicron BA.5.2; SARS-CoV-2; hematological malignancies; risk factors.