tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Front Immunol
. 2024 Dec 18:15:1444620.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1444620. eCollection 2024. SARS-CoV-2 strains and clinical profiles of COVID-19 patients in a Southern Brazil hospital
Bibiana S de Oliveira Fam[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Nathan Araujo Cadore[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Renan Sbruzzi[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Marilea Furtado Feira[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Giovanna Câmara Giudicelli[SUP] 3 4 [/SUP], Luiz G P de Almeida[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Alexandra L Gerber[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Ana Paula de C Guimarães[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Ana Tereza Ribeiro Vasconcelos[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Alexandre C Pereira[SUP] 5 6 [/SUP], Lygia V Pereira[SUP] 7 8 [/SUP], Tábita Hünemeier[SUP] 7 9 [/SUP], Suzi Alves Camey[SUP] 10 11 [/SUP], Fernanda S Luiz Vianna[SUP] 1 2 12 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic had a widespread global impact and presented numerous challenges. The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants has changed transmission rates and immune evasion, possibly impacting the severity. This study aims to investigate the impact of variants on clinical outcomes in southern Brazil.
Methods: In total, samples from 277 patients, hospitalized and non-hospitalized, were collected between March 2020 and March 2021, before the vaccine was made widely available to the general population in Brazil. Whole genome sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 was performed and bioinformatics and biostatistics analyses were implemented on molecular and clinical data, respectively.
Results: The study identified significant demographic and clinical differences. The hospitalized group exhibited a higher proportion of males (51.9%) and an increased prevalence of comorbidities, including hypertension (66.0%), obesity (42.6%), and chronic kidney disease (23.6%). Patients were identified with twelve SARS-CoV-2 strains, predominantly B.1.1.28 and B.1.1.33 in the early 2020 first wave, and P.1 overlapping in the late 2020 and early 2021 second wave of COVID-19. Significant differences in hospitalization rates were found among patients infected with the different SARS-CoV-2 lineages: B.1.1.33 (46.0%), B.1.1.28 (65.9%), and P.1 (97.9%). Severity markers, such as pneumonia (62.5%, p=0.002), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS, 72.9%, p<0.001), and oxygen support >6 L/min O[SUB]2[/SUB] (64.6%, p<0.001), were more frequent in patients from the second wave. These findings highlight the impact of different variants on the clinical evolution and prognosis of COVID-19, especially when comparing the first and second waves of the pandemic.
Conclusions: The study underscores the association between SARS-CoV-2 strains and COVID-19 severity by integrating clinical and viral data for public health responses during different pandemic phases, highlighting the importance of adapting pandemic strategies as the pandemic evolves.
Keywords: Brazilian population; Coronavirus disease; Coronavirus strains; clinical outcomes; healthcare.
. 2024 Dec 18:15:1444620.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1444620. eCollection 2024. SARS-CoV-2 strains and clinical profiles of COVID-19 patients in a Southern Brazil hospital
Bibiana S de Oliveira Fam[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Nathan Araujo Cadore[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Renan Sbruzzi[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Marilea Furtado Feira[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Giovanna Câmara Giudicelli[SUP] 3 4 [/SUP], Luiz G P de Almeida[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Alexandra L Gerber[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Ana Paula de C Guimarães[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Ana Tereza Ribeiro Vasconcelos[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Alexandre C Pereira[SUP] 5 6 [/SUP], Lygia V Pereira[SUP] 7 8 [/SUP], Tábita Hünemeier[SUP] 7 9 [/SUP], Suzi Alves Camey[SUP] 10 11 [/SUP], Fernanda S Luiz Vianna[SUP] 1 2 12 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 39744633
- PMCID: PMC11688617
- DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1444620
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic had a widespread global impact and presented numerous challenges. The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants has changed transmission rates and immune evasion, possibly impacting the severity. This study aims to investigate the impact of variants on clinical outcomes in southern Brazil.
Methods: In total, samples from 277 patients, hospitalized and non-hospitalized, were collected between March 2020 and March 2021, before the vaccine was made widely available to the general population in Brazil. Whole genome sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 was performed and bioinformatics and biostatistics analyses were implemented on molecular and clinical data, respectively.
Results: The study identified significant demographic and clinical differences. The hospitalized group exhibited a higher proportion of males (51.9%) and an increased prevalence of comorbidities, including hypertension (66.0%), obesity (42.6%), and chronic kidney disease (23.6%). Patients were identified with twelve SARS-CoV-2 strains, predominantly B.1.1.28 and B.1.1.33 in the early 2020 first wave, and P.1 overlapping in the late 2020 and early 2021 second wave of COVID-19. Significant differences in hospitalization rates were found among patients infected with the different SARS-CoV-2 lineages: B.1.1.33 (46.0%), B.1.1.28 (65.9%), and P.1 (97.9%). Severity markers, such as pneumonia (62.5%, p=0.002), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS, 72.9%, p<0.001), and oxygen support >6 L/min O[SUB]2[/SUB] (64.6%, p<0.001), were more frequent in patients from the second wave. These findings highlight the impact of different variants on the clinical evolution and prognosis of COVID-19, especially when comparing the first and second waves of the pandemic.
Conclusions: The study underscores the association between SARS-CoV-2 strains and COVID-19 severity by integrating clinical and viral data for public health responses during different pandemic phases, highlighting the importance of adapting pandemic strategies as the pandemic evolves.
Keywords: Brazilian population; Coronavirus disease; Coronavirus strains; clinical outcomes; healthcare.