tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Front Immunol
. 2023 Dec 21:14:1292486.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1292486. eCollection 2023. The impact of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection on host inflammatory cytokine profiles in patients with TB or other respiratory diseases
Annabelle Cottam[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ismaila L Manneh[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Awa Gindeh[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Abdou K Sillah[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Ousainou Cham[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Joseph Mendy[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Amadou Barry[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Edward G Coker[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Georgetta K Daffeh[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Simon Badjie[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Salieu Barry[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Olumuyiwa Owolabi[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Jill Winter[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Gerhard Walzl[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Jayne S Sutherland[SUP] 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) and COVID-19 are the two leading causes of infectious disease mortality worldwide, and their overlap is likely frequent and inevitable. Previous research has shown increased mortality in TB/COVID-coinfected individuals, and emerging evidence suggests that COVID-19 may increase susceptibility to TB. However, the immunological mechanisms underlying these interactions remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the impact of prior or concurrent COVID-19 infection on immune profiles of TB patients and those with other respiratory diseases (ORD).
Methods: Serum and nasopharyngeal samples were collected from 161 Gambian adolescents and adults with either TB or an ORD. Concurrent COVID-19 infection was determined by PCR, while prior COVID-19 was defined by antibody seropositivity. Multiplex cytokine immunoassays were used to quantify 27 cytokines and chemokines in patient serum samples at baseline, and throughout treatment in TB patients.
Results: Strikingly, TB and ORD patients with prior COVID-19 infection were found to have significantly reduced expression of several cytokines, including IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-7, compared to those without (p<0.035). Moreover, at month-six of anti-TB treatment, seropositive patients had lower serum Basic FGF (p=0.0115), IL-1β (p=0.0326) and IL-8 (p=0.0021) than seronegative. TB patients with acute COVID-19 coinfection had lower levels of IL-8, IL-13, TNF-α and IP-10 than TB-only patients, though these trends did not reach significance (p>0.035).
Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that COVID-19 infection alters the subsequent response to TB and ORDs, potentially contributing to pathogenesis. Further work is necessary to determine whether COVID-19 infection accelerates TB disease progression, though our results experimentally support this hypothesis.
Keywords: COVID-19; cytokines; inflammatory profiles; respiratory disease; tuberculosis.
. 2023 Dec 21:14:1292486.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1292486. eCollection 2023. The impact of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection on host inflammatory cytokine profiles in patients with TB or other respiratory diseases
Annabelle Cottam[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ismaila L Manneh[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Awa Gindeh[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Abdou K Sillah[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Ousainou Cham[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Joseph Mendy[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Amadou Barry[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Edward G Coker[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Georgetta K Daffeh[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Simon Badjie[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Salieu Barry[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Olumuyiwa Owolabi[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Jill Winter[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Gerhard Walzl[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Jayne S Sutherland[SUP] 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 38179046
- PMCID: PMC10764540
- DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1292486
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) and COVID-19 are the two leading causes of infectious disease mortality worldwide, and their overlap is likely frequent and inevitable. Previous research has shown increased mortality in TB/COVID-coinfected individuals, and emerging evidence suggests that COVID-19 may increase susceptibility to TB. However, the immunological mechanisms underlying these interactions remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the impact of prior or concurrent COVID-19 infection on immune profiles of TB patients and those with other respiratory diseases (ORD).
Methods: Serum and nasopharyngeal samples were collected from 161 Gambian adolescents and adults with either TB or an ORD. Concurrent COVID-19 infection was determined by PCR, while prior COVID-19 was defined by antibody seropositivity. Multiplex cytokine immunoassays were used to quantify 27 cytokines and chemokines in patient serum samples at baseline, and throughout treatment in TB patients.
Results: Strikingly, TB and ORD patients with prior COVID-19 infection were found to have significantly reduced expression of several cytokines, including IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-7, compared to those without (p<0.035). Moreover, at month-six of anti-TB treatment, seropositive patients had lower serum Basic FGF (p=0.0115), IL-1β (p=0.0326) and IL-8 (p=0.0021) than seronegative. TB patients with acute COVID-19 coinfection had lower levels of IL-8, IL-13, TNF-α and IP-10 than TB-only patients, though these trends did not reach significance (p>0.035).
Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that COVID-19 infection alters the subsequent response to TB and ORDs, potentially contributing to pathogenesis. Further work is necessary to determine whether COVID-19 infection accelerates TB disease progression, though our results experimentally support this hypothesis.
Keywords: COVID-19; cytokines; inflammatory profiles; respiratory disease; tuberculosis.