tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Front Public Health
. 2021 Dec 23;9:815248.
doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.815248. eCollection 2021.
Investigating the Co-movement Nexus Between Air Quality, Temperature, and COVID-19 in California: Implications for Public Health
Zeeshan Fareed[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Muhammad Farhan Bashir[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Bilal[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Sultan Salem[SUP] 4 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
This research aims to look at the link between environmental pollutants and the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak in California. To illustrate the COVID-19 outbreak, weather, and environmental pollution, we used daily confirmed cases of COVID-19 patients, average daily temperature, and air quality Index, respectively. To evaluate the data from March 1 to May 24, 2020, we used continuous wavelet transform and then applied partial wavelet coherence (PWC), wavelet transform coherence (WTC), and multiple wavelet coherence (MWC). Empirical estimates disclose a significant association between these series at different time-frequency spaces. The COVID-19 outbreak in California and average daily temperature show a negative (out phase) coherence. Similarly, the air quality index and COVID-19 also show a negative association circle during the second week of the observed period. Our findings will serve as policy implications for state and health officials and regulators to combat the COVID-19 outbreak.
Keywords: COVID-19; California; air quality index; temperature; wavelet-analysis.
. 2021 Dec 23;9:815248.
doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.815248. eCollection 2021.
Investigating the Co-movement Nexus Between Air Quality, Temperature, and COVID-19 in California: Implications for Public Health
Zeeshan Fareed[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Muhammad Farhan Bashir[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Bilal[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Sultan Salem[SUP] 4 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 35004602
- PMCID: PMC8733250
- DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.815248
Abstract
This research aims to look at the link between environmental pollutants and the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak in California. To illustrate the COVID-19 outbreak, weather, and environmental pollution, we used daily confirmed cases of COVID-19 patients, average daily temperature, and air quality Index, respectively. To evaluate the data from March 1 to May 24, 2020, we used continuous wavelet transform and then applied partial wavelet coherence (PWC), wavelet transform coherence (WTC), and multiple wavelet coherence (MWC). Empirical estimates disclose a significant association between these series at different time-frequency spaces. The COVID-19 outbreak in California and average daily temperature show a negative (out phase) coherence. Similarly, the air quality index and COVID-19 also show a negative association circle during the second week of the observed period. Our findings will serve as policy implications for state and health officials and regulators to combat the COVID-19 outbreak.
Keywords: COVID-19; California; air quality index; temperature; wavelet-analysis.