tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Hypertens Res
. 2023 Nov 17.
doi: 10.1038/s41440-023-01501-w. Online ahead of print. Calcium channel blockers may reduce the development of long COVID in females
Takuya Ozawa[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Ryusei Kimura[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 3 [/SUP], Hideki Terai[SUP] 4 5 [/SUP], Ryo Takemura[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Ho Namkoong[SUP] 1 7 [/SUP], Masahiro Kondo[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Keitaro Fukuda[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Kazuma Yagi[SUP] 1 9 [/SUP], Takanori Asakura[SUP] 1 10 [/SUP], Katsunori Masaki[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Shotaro Chubachi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jun Miyata[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Keiko Ohgino[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ichiro Kawada[SUP] 1 11 [/SUP], Junko Kagyo[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Toshio Odani[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Naota Kuwahara[SUP] 13 [/SUP], Ichiro Nakachi[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Makoto Ishii[SUP] 14 [/SUP], Yasunori Sato[SUP] 15 [/SUP], Koichi Fukunaga[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
With the rising numbers of patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, long coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-a sequelae of COVID-19-has become a major problem. Different sexes and age groups develop different long COVID symptoms, and the risk factors for long COVID remain unclear. Therefore, we performed subgroup analyses of patients with COVID-19, classifying them into different groups. In this multicenter cohort study, using an original questionnaire, we examined patients (≥18 years old) diagnosed with COVID-19 from November 2020 to March 2022 and hospitalized at participating medical facilities. In total, 1066 patients were registered (361 female, 620 male). Hypertension was the most common comorbidity (n = 344; 32.5%). Females with hypertension were significantly less likely to develop long COVID symptoms than those without hypertension (odds ratio [OR] 0.51, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.27-0.98; p = 0.043). In females, Ca channel blocker administration, rather than having hypertension, was significantly associated with reductions in the frequency of alopecia (OR 0.14, 95% CI 0.03-0.67, p = 0.015), memory impairment (OR 0.14, 95% CI 0.02-0.82, p = 0.029), sleeping disorders (OR 0.17, 95% CI 0.04-0.67, p = 0.012), tinnitus (OR 0.23, 95% CI 0.05-0.98, p = 0.047), sputum (OR 0.31, 95% CI 0.10-0.92, p = 0.035), and fever (OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.12-0.93, p = 0.036). Several long COVID symptoms, including alopecia, were significantly negatively associated with Ca channel-blocker administration in female patients with long COVID. Calcium channel blockers may reduce the development of long COVID in females.
Keywords: Antihypertensive drug; COVID-19; Hypertension; Long COVID; SARS-CoV-2.
. 2023 Nov 17.
doi: 10.1038/s41440-023-01501-w. Online ahead of print. Calcium channel blockers may reduce the development of long COVID in females
Takuya Ozawa[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Ryusei Kimura[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 3 [/SUP], Hideki Terai[SUP] 4 5 [/SUP], Ryo Takemura[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Ho Namkoong[SUP] 1 7 [/SUP], Masahiro Kondo[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Keitaro Fukuda[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Kazuma Yagi[SUP] 1 9 [/SUP], Takanori Asakura[SUP] 1 10 [/SUP], Katsunori Masaki[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Shotaro Chubachi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jun Miyata[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Keiko Ohgino[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ichiro Kawada[SUP] 1 11 [/SUP], Junko Kagyo[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Toshio Odani[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Naota Kuwahara[SUP] 13 [/SUP], Ichiro Nakachi[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Makoto Ishii[SUP] 14 [/SUP], Yasunori Sato[SUP] 15 [/SUP], Koichi Fukunaga[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 37978232
- DOI: 10.1038/s41440-023-01501-w
With the rising numbers of patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, long coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-a sequelae of COVID-19-has become a major problem. Different sexes and age groups develop different long COVID symptoms, and the risk factors for long COVID remain unclear. Therefore, we performed subgroup analyses of patients with COVID-19, classifying them into different groups. In this multicenter cohort study, using an original questionnaire, we examined patients (≥18 years old) diagnosed with COVID-19 from November 2020 to March 2022 and hospitalized at participating medical facilities. In total, 1066 patients were registered (361 female, 620 male). Hypertension was the most common comorbidity (n = 344; 32.5%). Females with hypertension were significantly less likely to develop long COVID symptoms than those without hypertension (odds ratio [OR] 0.51, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.27-0.98; p = 0.043). In females, Ca channel blocker administration, rather than having hypertension, was significantly associated with reductions in the frequency of alopecia (OR 0.14, 95% CI 0.03-0.67, p = 0.015), memory impairment (OR 0.14, 95% CI 0.02-0.82, p = 0.029), sleeping disorders (OR 0.17, 95% CI 0.04-0.67, p = 0.012), tinnitus (OR 0.23, 95% CI 0.05-0.98, p = 0.047), sputum (OR 0.31, 95% CI 0.10-0.92, p = 0.035), and fever (OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.12-0.93, p = 0.036). Several long COVID symptoms, including alopecia, were significantly negatively associated with Ca channel-blocker administration in female patients with long COVID. Calcium channel blockers may reduce the development of long COVID in females.
Keywords: Antihypertensive drug; COVID-19; Hypertension; Long COVID; SARS-CoV-2.