tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Immunity
. 2021 Jan 27;S1074-7613(21)00031-5.
doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.01.008. Online ahead of print.
COVID-19 immune signatures reveal stable antiviral T cell function despite declining humoral responses
Agnes Bonifacius[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Sabine Tischer-Zimmermann[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Anna C Dragon[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Daniel Gussarow[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Alexander Vogel[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ulrike Krettek[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Nina G?decke[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Mustafa Yilmaz[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Anke R M Kraft[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Marius M Hoeper[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Isabell Pink[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Julius J Schmidt[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Yang Li[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Tobias Welte[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Britta Maecker-Kolhoff[SUP] 7 [/SUP], J?rg Martens[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Marc Moritz Berger[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Corinna Lobenwein[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Metodi V Stankov[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Markus Cornberg[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Sascha David[SUP] 11 [/SUP], Georg M N Behrens[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Oliver Witzke[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Rainer Blasczyk[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Britta Eiz-Vesper[SUP] 12 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Cellular and humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 is critical to control primary infection and correlates with severity of disease. The role of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell immunity, its relationship to antibodies, and pre-existing immunity against endemic coronaviruses (huCoV), which has been hypothesized to be protective, were investigated in 82 healthy donors (HDs), 204 recovered (RCs), and 92 active COVID-19 patients (ACs). ACs had high amounts of anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid and spike IgG but lymphopenia and overall reduced antiviral T cell responses due to the inflammatory milieu, expression of inhibitory molecules (PD-1, Tim-3) as well as effector caspase-3, -7, and -8 activity in T cells. SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell immunity conferred by polyfunctional, mainly interferon-γ-secreting CD4[SUP]+[/SUP] T cells remained stable throughout convalescence, whereas humoral responses declined. Immune responses toward huCoV in RCs with mild disease and strong cellular SARS-CoV-2 T cell reactivity imply a protective role of pre-existing immunity against huCoV.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; antibody; antiviral T cell immunity; caspases; cell death; chemokine receptors; convalescence; endemic human coronavirus; humoral immunity.
. 2021 Jan 27;S1074-7613(21)00031-5.
doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.01.008. Online ahead of print.
COVID-19 immune signatures reveal stable antiviral T cell function despite declining humoral responses
Agnes Bonifacius[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Sabine Tischer-Zimmermann[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Anna C Dragon[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Daniel Gussarow[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Alexander Vogel[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ulrike Krettek[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Nina G?decke[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Mustafa Yilmaz[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Anke R M Kraft[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Marius M Hoeper[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Isabell Pink[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Julius J Schmidt[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Yang Li[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Tobias Welte[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Britta Maecker-Kolhoff[SUP] 7 [/SUP], J?rg Martens[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Marc Moritz Berger[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Corinna Lobenwein[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Metodi V Stankov[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Markus Cornberg[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Sascha David[SUP] 11 [/SUP], Georg M N Behrens[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Oliver Witzke[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Rainer Blasczyk[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Britta Eiz-Vesper[SUP] 12 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 33567252
- DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.01.008
Abstract
Cellular and humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 is critical to control primary infection and correlates with severity of disease. The role of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell immunity, its relationship to antibodies, and pre-existing immunity against endemic coronaviruses (huCoV), which has been hypothesized to be protective, were investigated in 82 healthy donors (HDs), 204 recovered (RCs), and 92 active COVID-19 patients (ACs). ACs had high amounts of anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid and spike IgG but lymphopenia and overall reduced antiviral T cell responses due to the inflammatory milieu, expression of inhibitory molecules (PD-1, Tim-3) as well as effector caspase-3, -7, and -8 activity in T cells. SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell immunity conferred by polyfunctional, mainly interferon-γ-secreting CD4[SUP]+[/SUP] T cells remained stable throughout convalescence, whereas humoral responses declined. Immune responses toward huCoV in RCs with mild disease and strong cellular SARS-CoV-2 T cell reactivity imply a protective role of pre-existing immunity against huCoV.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; antibody; antiviral T cell immunity; caspases; cell death; chemokine receptors; convalescence; endemic human coronavirus; humoral immunity.