tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Immunol Cell Biol
. 2023 Aug 18.
doi: 10.1111/imcb.12682. Online ahead of print. Serological assays to measure dimeric IgA antibodies in SARS-CoV-2 infections
Zihui Wei[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Fiona Angrisano[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Emily M Eriksson[SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], Ramin Mazhari[SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], Huy Van[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Shuning Zheng[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Rob J Center[SUP] 1 4 [/SUP], James McMahon[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Jillian Lau[SUP] 4 5 [/SUP], Nicholas Kiernan-Walker[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Shazia Ruybal-Pesántez[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Ivo Mueller[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Leanne J Robinson[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], David A Anderson[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Heidi E Drummer[SUP] 1 3 4 6 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Current serological tests cannot differentiate between total immunoglobulin A (IgA) and dimeric IgA (dIgA) associated with mucosal immunity. Here, we describe two new assays, dIgA-ELISA and dIgA-multiplex bead assay (MBA), that utilize the preferential binding of dIgA to a chimeric form of secretory component, allowing the differentiation between dIgA and monomeric IgA. dIgA responses elicited through severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection were measured in (i) a longitudinal panel, consisting of 74 samples (n = 20 individuals) from hospitalized cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); (ii) a longitudinal panel, consisting of 96 samples (n = 10 individuals) from individuals with mild COVID-19; (iii) a cross-sectional panel with PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection with mild COVID-19 (n = 199) and (iv) pre-COVID-19 samples (n = 200). The dIgA-ELISA and dIgA-MBA demonstrated a specificity for dIgA of 99% and 98.5%, respectively. Analysis of dIgA responses in the longitudinal panels revealed that 70% (ELISA) and 50% (MBA) of patients elicited a dIgA response by day 20 after PCR diagnosis with a SARS-CoV-2 infection. Individuals with mild COVID-19 displayed increased levels of dIgA within the first 3 weeks after diagnosis but responses appeared to be short lived, compared with sustained IgA levels. However, in samples from hospitalized patients with COVID-19 we observed high and sustained levels of dIgA, up to 245 days after PCR diagnosis. Our results suggest that severe COVID-19 infections are associated with sustained levels of plasma dIgA compared with mild cases.
Keywords: COVID-19; dIgA; mucosal immunity; serological assay.
. 2023 Aug 18.
doi: 10.1111/imcb.12682. Online ahead of print. Serological assays to measure dimeric IgA antibodies in SARS-CoV-2 infections
Zihui Wei[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Fiona Angrisano[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Emily M Eriksson[SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], Ramin Mazhari[SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], Huy Van[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Shuning Zheng[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Rob J Center[SUP] 1 4 [/SUP], James McMahon[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Jillian Lau[SUP] 4 5 [/SUP], Nicholas Kiernan-Walker[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Shazia Ruybal-Pesántez[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Ivo Mueller[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Leanne J Robinson[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], David A Anderson[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Heidi E Drummer[SUP] 1 3 4 6 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 37593973
- DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12682
Current serological tests cannot differentiate between total immunoglobulin A (IgA) and dimeric IgA (dIgA) associated with mucosal immunity. Here, we describe two new assays, dIgA-ELISA and dIgA-multiplex bead assay (MBA), that utilize the preferential binding of dIgA to a chimeric form of secretory component, allowing the differentiation between dIgA and monomeric IgA. dIgA responses elicited through severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection were measured in (i) a longitudinal panel, consisting of 74 samples (n = 20 individuals) from hospitalized cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); (ii) a longitudinal panel, consisting of 96 samples (n = 10 individuals) from individuals with mild COVID-19; (iii) a cross-sectional panel with PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection with mild COVID-19 (n = 199) and (iv) pre-COVID-19 samples (n = 200). The dIgA-ELISA and dIgA-MBA demonstrated a specificity for dIgA of 99% and 98.5%, respectively. Analysis of dIgA responses in the longitudinal panels revealed that 70% (ELISA) and 50% (MBA) of patients elicited a dIgA response by day 20 after PCR diagnosis with a SARS-CoV-2 infection. Individuals with mild COVID-19 displayed increased levels of dIgA within the first 3 weeks after diagnosis but responses appeared to be short lived, compared with sustained IgA levels. However, in samples from hospitalized patients with COVID-19 we observed high and sustained levels of dIgA, up to 245 days after PCR diagnosis. Our results suggest that severe COVID-19 infections are associated with sustained levels of plasma dIgA compared with mild cases.
Keywords: COVID-19; dIgA; mucosal immunity; serological assay.