tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Microb Pathog. 2018 Feb 21. pii: S0882-4010(17)31234-2. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.02.041. [Epub ahead of print]
[h=1]Induction profiles of mRNA of toll like receptors and cytokines in chickens pre-exposed to low pathogenic avian influenza H9N2 virus followed by challenge with highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus.[/h] Dash SK[SUP]1[/SUP], Kumar M[SUP]2[/SUP], Kataria JM[SUP]3[/SUP], Nagarajan S[SUP]1[/SUP], Tosh C[SUP]1[/SUP], Murugkar HV[SUP]1[/SUP], Rajukumar K[SUP]1[/SUP], Kalaiyarasu S[SUP]1[/SUP], Senthil Kumar D[SUP]1[/SUP], Kulkarni DD[SUP]1[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h]
[h=3]Abstract[/h] Herein, the induction of TLRs and cytokines in chickens pre-exposed to low pathogenic avian influenza H9N2 virus followed by challenge with highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus was studied. Four groups (1-4) of chickens inoculated with 10[SUP]6[/SUP] EID[SUB]50[/SUB] of H9N2 virus were challenged with 10[SUP]6[/SUP] EID[SUB]50[/SUB] of H5N1 virus on days 1, 3, 7 and 14 post H9N2 inoculation, respectively. In groups (1-4) TLRs and cytokines induction was studied in chicken PBMCs on day 3 post H5N1 challenge. In H5N1 control group TLRs (1, 2, 5 and 7) cytokines (IFNα, IFNβ, IFNγ, IL1β, IL2, IL4, IL8 and TGF β3) were down regulated. In group 1 down regulation of cytokines and TLRs was similar to H5N1 control birds. Down regulation of TLRs and cytokines in H5N1 control and group 1 resulted death of all the chickens. In group 2, up-regulation of TLRs (3, 7 and 15) and induction of TNFα, IFNα, IFNβ, IFNγ aided virus clearance leading to survival of all the chickens. In group 3 significant up-regulation of TLRs (3, 4 and 15) and significant induction of cytokines (IFNγ, TNFα, IL1β, IL4, IL6, IL8, IL10 and TGF β3) was detected. In group 4 significant up-regulation of TLRs (2, 3, 7 and 15) and significant induction of cytokines (IFNγ, TNFα, IL1β, IL2, IL6, IL8 and IL10) was detected. In groups 3 and 4 simultaneous and significant induction of pro-inflammatory, antiviral and anti-inflammatory cytokine resulted cytokine dysregulation leading to death of (2/6) and (3/6) chickens respectively. Hence, the study revealed TLRs and cytokines role in modulating the H5N1 infection outcome in chickens pre-exposed to H9N2 virus.
[h=4]KEYWORDS:[/h] AIV; Cytokine; Cytokine storm; Down regulation; Fold change; TLR; Up-regulation
PMID: 29476788 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.02.041
[h=1]Induction profiles of mRNA of toll like receptors and cytokines in chickens pre-exposed to low pathogenic avian influenza H9N2 virus followed by challenge with highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus.[/h] Dash SK[SUP]1[/SUP], Kumar M[SUP]2[/SUP], Kataria JM[SUP]3[/SUP], Nagarajan S[SUP]1[/SUP], Tosh C[SUP]1[/SUP], Murugkar HV[SUP]1[/SUP], Rajukumar K[SUP]1[/SUP], Kalaiyarasu S[SUP]1[/SUP], Senthil Kumar D[SUP]1[/SUP], Kulkarni DD[SUP]1[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h]
[h=3]Abstract[/h] Herein, the induction of TLRs and cytokines in chickens pre-exposed to low pathogenic avian influenza H9N2 virus followed by challenge with highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus was studied. Four groups (1-4) of chickens inoculated with 10[SUP]6[/SUP] EID[SUB]50[/SUB] of H9N2 virus were challenged with 10[SUP]6[/SUP] EID[SUB]50[/SUB] of H5N1 virus on days 1, 3, 7 and 14 post H9N2 inoculation, respectively. In groups (1-4) TLRs and cytokines induction was studied in chicken PBMCs on day 3 post H5N1 challenge. In H5N1 control group TLRs (1, 2, 5 and 7) cytokines (IFNα, IFNβ, IFNγ, IL1β, IL2, IL4, IL8 and TGF β3) were down regulated. In group 1 down regulation of cytokines and TLRs was similar to H5N1 control birds. Down regulation of TLRs and cytokines in H5N1 control and group 1 resulted death of all the chickens. In group 2, up-regulation of TLRs (3, 7 and 15) and induction of TNFα, IFNα, IFNβ, IFNγ aided virus clearance leading to survival of all the chickens. In group 3 significant up-regulation of TLRs (3, 4 and 15) and significant induction of cytokines (IFNγ, TNFα, IL1β, IL4, IL6, IL8, IL10 and TGF β3) was detected. In group 4 significant up-regulation of TLRs (2, 3, 7 and 15) and significant induction of cytokines (IFNγ, TNFα, IL1β, IL2, IL6, IL8 and IL10) was detected. In groups 3 and 4 simultaneous and significant induction of pro-inflammatory, antiviral and anti-inflammatory cytokine resulted cytokine dysregulation leading to death of (2/6) and (3/6) chickens respectively. Hence, the study revealed TLRs and cytokines role in modulating the H5N1 infection outcome in chickens pre-exposed to H9N2 virus.
[h=4]KEYWORDS:[/h] AIV; Cytokine; Cytokine storm; Down regulation; Fold change; TLR; Up-regulation
PMID: 29476788 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.02.041