tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Infect Genet Evol
. 2021 Nov 16;96:105144.
doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.105144. Online ahead of print.
SARS-CoV-2 introduction and lineage dynamics across three epidemic peaks in Southern Brazil: Massive spread of P.1
Ana Paula Muterle Varela[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Janira Prichula[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Fabiana Quoos Mayer[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Richard Steiner Salvato[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Fernando Hayashi Sant'Anna[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Tatiana Schäffer Gregianini[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Letícia Garay Martins[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Adriana Seixas[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ana B G Veiga[SUP] 6 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 is paramount for understanding viral dynamics, contributing to disease control. This study analyzed SARS-CoV-2 genomic diversity in Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil, including the first reported case in each Regional Health Coordination and cases from three epidemic peaks. Ninety SARS-CoV-2 genomes from RS were sequenced and analyzed against SARS-CoV-2 datasets available in GISAID for phylogenetic inference and mutation analysis. Among the first reported cases, we found the following lineages: B.1 (33.3%), B.1.1.28 (26.7%), B.1.1 (13.3%), B.1.1.33 (10.0%), and A (6.7%), evidencing SARS-CoV-2 introduction by both international origin and community-driven transmission. We found predominance of B.1.1.33 (50.0%) and B.1.1.28 (35.0%) during the first epidemic peak (July-August 2020), emergence of P.2 (55.6%) in the second peak (November-December 2020), and massive spread of P.1 and related sequences (78.4%), such as P.1-like-II, P.1.1 and P.1.2 in the third peak (February-April, 2021). Eighteen novel mutation combinations were found among P.1 genomes, and 22 different spike mutations and/or deletions among P.1 and related sequences. This study shows the dispersion of SARS-CoV-2 lineages in Southern Brazil and describes SARS-CoV-2 diversity during three epidemic peaks, highlighting the spread of P.1 and the high genetic diversity of currently circulating lineages. Genomic monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 is essential to guide health authorities' decisions to control COVID-19 in Brazil.
Keywords: Brazil; Epidemic peaks; Genomic diversity; P.1 lineage; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.
. 2021 Nov 16;96:105144.
doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.105144. Online ahead of print.
SARS-CoV-2 introduction and lineage dynamics across three epidemic peaks in Southern Brazil: Massive spread of P.1
Ana Paula Muterle Varela[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Janira Prichula[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Fabiana Quoos Mayer[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Richard Steiner Salvato[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Fernando Hayashi Sant'Anna[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Tatiana Schäffer Gregianini[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Letícia Garay Martins[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Adriana Seixas[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ana B G Veiga[SUP] 6 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 34798321
- PMCID: PMC8595253
- DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.105144
Abstract
Genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 is paramount for understanding viral dynamics, contributing to disease control. This study analyzed SARS-CoV-2 genomic diversity in Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil, including the first reported case in each Regional Health Coordination and cases from three epidemic peaks. Ninety SARS-CoV-2 genomes from RS were sequenced and analyzed against SARS-CoV-2 datasets available in GISAID for phylogenetic inference and mutation analysis. Among the first reported cases, we found the following lineages: B.1 (33.3%), B.1.1.28 (26.7%), B.1.1 (13.3%), B.1.1.33 (10.0%), and A (6.7%), evidencing SARS-CoV-2 introduction by both international origin and community-driven transmission. We found predominance of B.1.1.33 (50.0%) and B.1.1.28 (35.0%) during the first epidemic peak (July-August 2020), emergence of P.2 (55.6%) in the second peak (November-December 2020), and massive spread of P.1 and related sequences (78.4%), such as P.1-like-II, P.1.1 and P.1.2 in the third peak (February-April, 2021). Eighteen novel mutation combinations were found among P.1 genomes, and 22 different spike mutations and/or deletions among P.1 and related sequences. This study shows the dispersion of SARS-CoV-2 lineages in Southern Brazil and describes SARS-CoV-2 diversity during three epidemic peaks, highlighting the spread of P.1 and the high genetic diversity of currently circulating lineages. Genomic monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 is essential to guide health authorities' decisions to control COVID-19 in Brazil.
Keywords: Brazil; Epidemic peaks; Genomic diversity; P.1 lineage; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.