tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Infection
. 2023 Jun 16.
doi: 10.1007/s15010-023-02063-2. Online ahead of print. Community-acquired and hospital-acquired bacterial co-infections in patients hospitalized with Covid-19 or influenza: a retrospective cohort study
Anselm Jorda[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Cornelia Gabler[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Amelie Blaschke[SUP] 1 3 [/SUP], Michael Wölfl-Duchek[SUP] 1 4 [/SUP], Georg Gelbenegger[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Alina Nussbaumer-Pröll[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Christine Radtke[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Markus Zeitlinger[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Felix Bergmann[SUP] 6 7 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Background: Bacterial co-infections are believed to be less frequent in patients with Covid-19 than influenza, but frequencies varied between studies.
Methods: This single-center retrospective, propensity score-matched analysis included adult patients with Covid-19 or influenza admitted to normal-care wards between 02/2014 and 12/2021. Covid-19 cases were propensity score matched to influenza cases at a 2:1 ratio. Community-acquired and hospital-acquired bacterial co-infections were defined as positive blood or respiratory cultures ≤ 48 h or > 48 h after hospital admission, respectively. The primary outcome was comparison of community-acquired and hospital-acquired bacterial infections between patients with Covid-19 and influenza in the propensity score-matched cohort. Secondary outcomes included frequency of early and late microbiological testing.
Results: A total of 1337 patients were included in the overall analysis, of which 360 patients with Covid-19 were matched to 180 patients with influenza. Early (≤ 48 h) microbiological sampling was performed in 138 (38.3%) patients with Covid-19 and 75 (41.7%) patients with influenza. Community-acquired bacterial co-infections were found in 14 (3.9%) of 360 patients with Covid-19 and 7 (3.9%) of 180 patients with influenza (OR 1.0, 95% CI 0.3-2.7). Late (> 48 h) microbiological sampling was performed in 129 (35.8%) patients with Covid-19 and 74 (41.1%) patients with influenza. Hospital-acquired bacterial co-infections were found in 40 (11.1%) of 360 patients with Covid-19 and 20 (11.1%) of 180 patients with influenza (OR 1.0, 95% CI 0.5-1.8).
Conclusion: The rate of community-acquired and hospital-acquired bacterial co-infections was similar in hospitalized Covid-19 and influenza patients. These findings contrast previous literature reporting that bacterial co-infections are less common in Covid-19 than influenza.
Keywords: Bacterial superinfection; Coronavirus; Flu; Noncritical; Pneumonia; SARS-CoV-2; Ward.
. 2023 Jun 16.
doi: 10.1007/s15010-023-02063-2. Online ahead of print. Community-acquired and hospital-acquired bacterial co-infections in patients hospitalized with Covid-19 or influenza: a retrospective cohort study
Anselm Jorda[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Cornelia Gabler[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Amelie Blaschke[SUP] 1 3 [/SUP], Michael Wölfl-Duchek[SUP] 1 4 [/SUP], Georg Gelbenegger[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Alina Nussbaumer-Pröll[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Christine Radtke[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Markus Zeitlinger[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Felix Bergmann[SUP] 6 7 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 37326938
- DOI: 10.1007/s15010-023-02063-2
Background: Bacterial co-infections are believed to be less frequent in patients with Covid-19 than influenza, but frequencies varied between studies.
Methods: This single-center retrospective, propensity score-matched analysis included adult patients with Covid-19 or influenza admitted to normal-care wards between 02/2014 and 12/2021. Covid-19 cases were propensity score matched to influenza cases at a 2:1 ratio. Community-acquired and hospital-acquired bacterial co-infections were defined as positive blood or respiratory cultures ≤ 48 h or > 48 h after hospital admission, respectively. The primary outcome was comparison of community-acquired and hospital-acquired bacterial infections between patients with Covid-19 and influenza in the propensity score-matched cohort. Secondary outcomes included frequency of early and late microbiological testing.
Results: A total of 1337 patients were included in the overall analysis, of which 360 patients with Covid-19 were matched to 180 patients with influenza. Early (≤ 48 h) microbiological sampling was performed in 138 (38.3%) patients with Covid-19 and 75 (41.7%) patients with influenza. Community-acquired bacterial co-infections were found in 14 (3.9%) of 360 patients with Covid-19 and 7 (3.9%) of 180 patients with influenza (OR 1.0, 95% CI 0.3-2.7). Late (> 48 h) microbiological sampling was performed in 129 (35.8%) patients with Covid-19 and 74 (41.1%) patients with influenza. Hospital-acquired bacterial co-infections were found in 40 (11.1%) of 360 patients with Covid-19 and 20 (11.1%) of 180 patients with influenza (OR 1.0, 95% CI 0.5-1.8).
Conclusion: The rate of community-acquired and hospital-acquired bacterial co-infections was similar in hospitalized Covid-19 and influenza patients. These findings contrast previous literature reporting that bacterial co-infections are less common in Covid-19 than influenza.
Keywords: Bacterial superinfection; Coronavirus; Flu; Noncritical; Pneumonia; SARS-CoV-2; Ward.