tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr
. 2022 Jan 1;89(1):1-8.
doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000002822.
SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among People Living With HIV Compared With People Without HIV: Survey Results From the MACS-WIHS Combined Cohort Study
Gypsyamber D'Souza[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Weiqun Tong[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Deborah Gustafson[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Maria L Alcaide[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Cecile D Lahiri[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Anjali Sharma[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Audrey L French[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Frank J Palella[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Mirjam-Colette Kempf[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Matthew J Mimiaga[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Catalina Ramirez[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Seble Kassaye[SUP] 11 [/SUP], Charles R Rinaldo[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Todd T Brown[SUP] 13 [/SUP], Phyllis C Tien[SUP] 14 [/SUP], Adaora A Adimora[SUP] 15 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) symptoms among people living with HIV (PLWH) are not well described.
Setting: Longitudinal survey within the MACS/WIHS Combined Cohort Study (MWCCS) of PLWH compared with similar HIV-seronegative (SN) individuals.
Methods: Telephone-administered survey of MWCCS participants at 13 clinical research sites across the United States addressing COVID-19 symptoms, SARS-CoV-2 testing, and pandemic impact on social distancing and antiretroviral therapy (ART) use. Primary data collection occurred during May (wave 1), June-July (wave 2), and August-September, 2020 (wave 3).
Results: One-third of MWCCS participants were tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection; 10% was tested ≥2 times. Similar proportions of PLWH and SN participants were tested, but SARS-CoV-2 positivity was higher among PLWH than among SN individuals (9.4% vs 4.8%, P = 0.003). Odds of SARS-CoV-2 positivity remained higher among PLWH after adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and study site (adjusted odds ratio = 2.0, 95% confidence interval = 1.2 to 3.2). SARS-CoV-2 positivity was not associated with CD4 cell counts among PLWH. Among SARS-CoV-2 positive participants, 9% had no symptoms, 7% had 1-2 mild symptoms, and 84% had ≥3 symptoms. Most of the (98%) participants reported physical distancing during all survey waves; self-reported ART adherence among PLWH was not adversely affected during the pandemic compared with the previous year (similar adherence in 89% of participants, improved in 9% of participants, and decreased in 2% of participants).
Conclusions: Despite similar SARS-CoV-2 testing and physical distancing profiles by HIV serostatus among MWCCS participants, PLWH who reported SARS-CoV-2 testing were more likely to have a positive test result. Additional studies are needed to determine whether and why PLWH are at increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
. 2022 Jan 1;89(1):1-8.
doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000002822.
SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among People Living With HIV Compared With People Without HIV: Survey Results From the MACS-WIHS Combined Cohort Study
Gypsyamber D'Souza[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Weiqun Tong[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Deborah Gustafson[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Maria L Alcaide[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Cecile D Lahiri[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Anjali Sharma[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Audrey L French[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Frank J Palella[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Mirjam-Colette Kempf[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Matthew J Mimiaga[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Catalina Ramirez[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Seble Kassaye[SUP] 11 [/SUP], Charles R Rinaldo[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Todd T Brown[SUP] 13 [/SUP], Phyllis C Tien[SUP] 14 [/SUP], Adaora A Adimora[SUP] 15 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 34878431
- DOI: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000002822
Abstract
Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) symptoms among people living with HIV (PLWH) are not well described.
Setting: Longitudinal survey within the MACS/WIHS Combined Cohort Study (MWCCS) of PLWH compared with similar HIV-seronegative (SN) individuals.
Methods: Telephone-administered survey of MWCCS participants at 13 clinical research sites across the United States addressing COVID-19 symptoms, SARS-CoV-2 testing, and pandemic impact on social distancing and antiretroviral therapy (ART) use. Primary data collection occurred during May (wave 1), June-July (wave 2), and August-September, 2020 (wave 3).
Results: One-third of MWCCS participants were tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection; 10% was tested ≥2 times. Similar proportions of PLWH and SN participants were tested, but SARS-CoV-2 positivity was higher among PLWH than among SN individuals (9.4% vs 4.8%, P = 0.003). Odds of SARS-CoV-2 positivity remained higher among PLWH after adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and study site (adjusted odds ratio = 2.0, 95% confidence interval = 1.2 to 3.2). SARS-CoV-2 positivity was not associated with CD4 cell counts among PLWH. Among SARS-CoV-2 positive participants, 9% had no symptoms, 7% had 1-2 mild symptoms, and 84% had ≥3 symptoms. Most of the (98%) participants reported physical distancing during all survey waves; self-reported ART adherence among PLWH was not adversely affected during the pandemic compared with the previous year (similar adherence in 89% of participants, improved in 9% of participants, and decreased in 2% of participants).
Conclusions: Despite similar SARS-CoV-2 testing and physical distancing profiles by HIV serostatus among MWCCS participants, PLWH who reported SARS-CoV-2 testing were more likely to have a positive test result. Additional studies are needed to determine whether and why PLWH are at increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection.