tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Clin Med
. 2024 Oct 2;13(19):5884.
doi: 10.3390/jcm13195884. The SpO[SUB]2[/SUB]/FiO[SUB]2[/SUB] Ratio Combined with Prognostic Scores for Pneumonia and COVID-19 Increases Their Accuracy in Predicting Mortality of COVID-19 Patients
Giuseppe Zinna[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Luca Pipitò[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Claudia Colomba[SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], Nicola Scichilone[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Anna Licata[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Mario Barbagallo[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Antonio Russo[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Nicola Coppola[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Antonio Cascio[SUP] 2 5 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Background: Identifying high-risk COVID-19 patients is critical for emergency department decision-making. Our study's primary objective was to identify new independent predictors of mortality and their predictive utility in combination with traditional pneumonia risk assessment scores and new risk scores for COVID-19 developed during the pandemic. Methods: A retrospective study was performed in two Italian University Hospitals. A multivariable logistic model was used to locate independent parameters associated with mortality. Results: Age, PaO[SUB]2[/SUB]/FiO[SUB]2[/SUB], and SpO[SUB]2[/SUB]/FiO[SUB]2[/SUB] ratios were found to be independent parameters associated with mortality. This study found that the Pneumonia Severity Index (PSI) was superior to many of the risk scores developed during the pandemic, for example, the International Severe Acute Respiratory Infection Consortium Coronavirus Clinical Characterisation Consortium (ISARIC 4C) (AUC 0.845 vs. 0.687, p < 0.001), and to many of the risk scores already in use, for example, the National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS2) (AUC 0.845 vs. 0.589, p < 0.001). Furthermore, our study found that the Pneumonia Severity Index had a similar performance to other risk scores, such as CRB-65 (AUC 0.845 vs. 0.823, p = 0.294). Combining the PaO[SUB]2[/SUB]/FiO[SUB]2[/SUB] or SpO[SUB]2[/SUB]/FiO[SUB]2[/SUB] ratios with the risk scores analyzed improved the prognostic accuracy. Conclusions: Adding the SpO[SUB]2[/SUB]/FiO[SUB]2[/SUB] ratio to the traditional, validated, and already internationally known pre-pandemic prognostic scores seems to be a valid and rapid alternative to the need for developing new prognostic scores. Future research should focus on integrating these markers into existing pneumonia scores to improve their prognostic accuracy.
Keywords: COVID-19; CRB-65; CZ COVID-19; PSI; PaO2/FiO2 ratio; SpO2; SpO2/FiO2 ratio; prognostic score; risk score.
. 2024 Oct 2;13(19):5884.
doi: 10.3390/jcm13195884. The SpO[SUB]2[/SUB]/FiO[SUB]2[/SUB] Ratio Combined with Prognostic Scores for Pneumonia and COVID-19 Increases Their Accuracy in Predicting Mortality of COVID-19 Patients
Giuseppe Zinna[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Luca Pipitò[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Claudia Colomba[SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], Nicola Scichilone[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Anna Licata[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Mario Barbagallo[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Antonio Russo[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Nicola Coppola[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Antonio Cascio[SUP] 2 5 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 39407943
- DOI: 10.3390/jcm13195884
Background: Identifying high-risk COVID-19 patients is critical for emergency department decision-making. Our study's primary objective was to identify new independent predictors of mortality and their predictive utility in combination with traditional pneumonia risk assessment scores and new risk scores for COVID-19 developed during the pandemic. Methods: A retrospective study was performed in two Italian University Hospitals. A multivariable logistic model was used to locate independent parameters associated with mortality. Results: Age, PaO[SUB]2[/SUB]/FiO[SUB]2[/SUB], and SpO[SUB]2[/SUB]/FiO[SUB]2[/SUB] ratios were found to be independent parameters associated with mortality. This study found that the Pneumonia Severity Index (PSI) was superior to many of the risk scores developed during the pandemic, for example, the International Severe Acute Respiratory Infection Consortium Coronavirus Clinical Characterisation Consortium (ISARIC 4C) (AUC 0.845 vs. 0.687, p < 0.001), and to many of the risk scores already in use, for example, the National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS2) (AUC 0.845 vs. 0.589, p < 0.001). Furthermore, our study found that the Pneumonia Severity Index had a similar performance to other risk scores, such as CRB-65 (AUC 0.845 vs. 0.823, p = 0.294). Combining the PaO[SUB]2[/SUB]/FiO[SUB]2[/SUB] or SpO[SUB]2[/SUB]/FiO[SUB]2[/SUB] ratios with the risk scores analyzed improved the prognostic accuracy. Conclusions: Adding the SpO[SUB]2[/SUB]/FiO[SUB]2[/SUB] ratio to the traditional, validated, and already internationally known pre-pandemic prognostic scores seems to be a valid and rapid alternative to the need for developing new prognostic scores. Future research should focus on integrating these markers into existing pneumonia scores to improve their prognostic accuracy.
Keywords: COVID-19; CRB-65; CZ COVID-19; PSI; PaO2/FiO2 ratio; SpO2; SpO2/FiO2 ratio; prognostic score; risk score.