tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Infect Chemother
. 2023 Apr 10;S1341-321X(23)00087-9.
doi: 10.1016/j.jiac.2023.04.002. Online ahead of print.
Exacerbation of autoimmune hemolytic anemia associated with pure red cell aplasia after COVID-19: A case report
Hideo Kimura[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Miki Furukawa[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Yutaka Shiga[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Tatsuyuki Kai[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Ikkoh Yasuda[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Shungo Katoh[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Eiichiro Sando[SUP] 3 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) and pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) are rare complications of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Herein, we report the case of a 28-year-old Japanese man who showed severe AIHA exacerbation associated with PRCA after COVID-19. AIHA was diagnosed and maintained for 5 years. Approximately 4 weeks after COVID-19, the patient developed severe anemia (hemoglobin level, 3.4 g/dL). Laboratory test results confirmed hemolytic exacerbation of IgG-mediated warm-type AIHA. Despite the hemolysis phase, the bone marrow revealed extreme hypoplasia of erythroblasts with a decreased reticulocyte count, similar to that observed in patients with PRCA. During oral prednisolone treatment, the patient recovered from anemia and showed increased reticulocyte count and reduced hypoplasia of marrow erythroblasts. Exacerbation of AIHA and PRCA was triggered by COVID-19 because other causes were ruled out. Although this case report highlights that COVID-19 could lead to hematological complications such as AIHA and PRCA, the exact mechanisms remain unclear.
Keywords: Autoimmune hemolytic anemia; COVID-19; Exacerbation; Pure red cell aplasia; SARS-CoV-2.
. 2023 Apr 10;S1341-321X(23)00087-9.
doi: 10.1016/j.jiac.2023.04.002. Online ahead of print.
Exacerbation of autoimmune hemolytic anemia associated with pure red cell aplasia after COVID-19: A case report
Hideo Kimura[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Miki Furukawa[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Yutaka Shiga[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Tatsuyuki Kai[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Ikkoh Yasuda[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Shungo Katoh[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Eiichiro Sando[SUP] 3 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 37044274
- DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2023.04.002
Abstract
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) and pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) are rare complications of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Herein, we report the case of a 28-year-old Japanese man who showed severe AIHA exacerbation associated with PRCA after COVID-19. AIHA was diagnosed and maintained for 5 years. Approximately 4 weeks after COVID-19, the patient developed severe anemia (hemoglobin level, 3.4 g/dL). Laboratory test results confirmed hemolytic exacerbation of IgG-mediated warm-type AIHA. Despite the hemolysis phase, the bone marrow revealed extreme hypoplasia of erythroblasts with a decreased reticulocyte count, similar to that observed in patients with PRCA. During oral prednisolone treatment, the patient recovered from anemia and showed increased reticulocyte count and reduced hypoplasia of marrow erythroblasts. Exacerbation of AIHA and PRCA was triggered by COVID-19 because other causes were ruled out. Although this case report highlights that COVID-19 could lead to hematological complications such as AIHA and PRCA, the exact mechanisms remain unclear.
Keywords: Autoimmune hemolytic anemia; COVID-19; Exacerbation; Pure red cell aplasia; SARS-CoV-2.