tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Infect Dis
. 2024 May 8:jiae130.
doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiae130. Online ahead of print. Risk of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection Following Prior Infection or Vaccination
Joseph E Ebinger[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Nancy Sun[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Sandy Y Joung[SUP] 1 [/SUP], John Michael S Sanchez[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Minhao Wang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Yunxian Liu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], John C Prostko[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Edwin C Frias[SUP] 2 [/SUP], James L Stewart[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Mallory Heath[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Brian L Claggett[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Susan Cheng[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kimia Sobhani[SUP] 4 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Background: The extent to which infection versus vaccination has conferred similarly durable severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) immunity during the Omicron era remains unclear.
Methods: In a cohort of 4496 adults under continued serological surveillance throughout the first year of Omicron-predominant SARS-CoV-2 transmission, we examined incidence of new infection among individuals whose last known antigenic exposure was either recent (<90 days) or remote (≥90 days) infection or vaccination.
Results: We adjudicated 2053 new-onset infections occurring between 15 December 2021 through 22 December 2022. In multivariable-adjusted analyses, compared to individuals whose last known exposure was remote vaccination, those with recent vaccination (odds ratio [OR], 0.82 [95% confidence interval {CI}, .73-.93]; P = .002) or recent infection (OR, 0.14 [95% CI, .05-.45]; P = .001) had lower risk for new infection within the subsequent 90-day period. Given a significant age interaction (P = .004), we found that remote infection compared to remote vaccination was associated with significantly greater new infection risk in persons aged ≥60 years (OR, 1.88 [95% CI, 1.13-3.14]; P = .015) with no difference seen in those <60 years (1.03 [95% CI, .69-1.53]; P = .88).
Conclusions: During the initial year of Omicron, prior infection and vaccination both offered protection against new infection. However, remote prior infection was less protective than remote vaccination for individuals aged ≥60 years. In older adults, immunity gained from vaccination appeared more durable than immunity gained from infection.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; aging; immunity; vaccination.
. 2024 May 8:jiae130.
doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiae130. Online ahead of print. Risk of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection Following Prior Infection or Vaccination
Joseph E Ebinger[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Nancy Sun[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Sandy Y Joung[SUP] 1 [/SUP], John Michael S Sanchez[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Minhao Wang[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Yunxian Liu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], John C Prostko[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Edwin C Frias[SUP] 2 [/SUP], James L Stewart[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Mallory Heath[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Brian L Claggett[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Susan Cheng[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kimia Sobhani[SUP] 4 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 38717928
- DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiae130
Background: The extent to which infection versus vaccination has conferred similarly durable severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) immunity during the Omicron era remains unclear.
Methods: In a cohort of 4496 adults under continued serological surveillance throughout the first year of Omicron-predominant SARS-CoV-2 transmission, we examined incidence of new infection among individuals whose last known antigenic exposure was either recent (<90 days) or remote (≥90 days) infection or vaccination.
Results: We adjudicated 2053 new-onset infections occurring between 15 December 2021 through 22 December 2022. In multivariable-adjusted analyses, compared to individuals whose last known exposure was remote vaccination, those with recent vaccination (odds ratio [OR], 0.82 [95% confidence interval {CI}, .73-.93]; P = .002) or recent infection (OR, 0.14 [95% CI, .05-.45]; P = .001) had lower risk for new infection within the subsequent 90-day period. Given a significant age interaction (P = .004), we found that remote infection compared to remote vaccination was associated with significantly greater new infection risk in persons aged ≥60 years (OR, 1.88 [95% CI, 1.13-3.14]; P = .015) with no difference seen in those <60 years (1.03 [95% CI, .69-1.53]; P = .88).
Conclusions: During the initial year of Omicron, prior infection and vaccination both offered protection against new infection. However, remote prior infection was less protective than remote vaccination for individuals aged ≥60 years. In older adults, immunity gained from vaccination appeared more durable than immunity gained from infection.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; aging; immunity; vaccination.