tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Inflamm Res
. 2021 Oct 23;14:5475-5487.
doi: 10.2147/JIR.S329697. eCollection 2021.
Comparison of the Characteristics of Cytokine Storm and Immune Response Induced by SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 Infections
Tong Liu[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 1 [/SUP], Meng Feng[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 2 [/SUP], Zexin Wen[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Yijie He[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Wei Lin[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Min Zhang[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Cytokine storm (CS) is a significant cause of death in patients with severe coronavirus pneumonia. Excessive immune-inflammatory reaction, many inflammatory cell infiltration, and extreme increase of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines lead to acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This review compares the characters of cytokine storms and immune responses caused by three highly pathogenic and infectious coronaviruses (HCoVs), including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and analyzes the possible mechanisms to guide clinical treatment in the future.
Keywords: coronavirus pneumonia; cytokine storm; cytokines; immune evasion; interferon.
. 2021 Oct 23;14:5475-5487.
doi: 10.2147/JIR.S329697. eCollection 2021.
Comparison of the Characteristics of Cytokine Storm and Immune Response Induced by SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 Infections
Tong Liu[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 1 [/SUP], Meng Feng[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 2 [/SUP], Zexin Wen[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Yijie He[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Wei Lin[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Min Zhang[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 34720596
- PMCID: PMC8550203
- DOI: 10.2147/JIR.S329697
Abstract
Cytokine storm (CS) is a significant cause of death in patients with severe coronavirus pneumonia. Excessive immune-inflammatory reaction, many inflammatory cell infiltration, and extreme increase of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines lead to acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This review compares the characters of cytokine storms and immune responses caused by three highly pathogenic and infectious coronaviruses (HCoVs), including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and analyzes the possible mechanisms to guide clinical treatment in the future.
Keywords: coronavirus pneumonia; cytokine storm; cytokines; immune evasion; interferon.