tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc
. 2022 Mar 11;piac012.
doi: 10.1093/jpids/piac012. Online ahead of print.
Antibody Responses to SARS-CoV-2 in Children With COVID-19
Mi Seon Han[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jihye Um[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Eun Joo Lee[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Kyung Min Kim[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Sung Hee Chang[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Hyunju Lee[SUP] 6 7 [/SUP], Ye Kyung Kim[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Youn Young Choi[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Eun Young Cho[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Dong Hyun Kim[SUP] 11 [/SUP], Jae Hong Choi[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Jina Lee[SUP] 13 [/SUP], Misuk Kim[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Ki-Hyun Chung[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Hye Sook Min[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Young June Choe[SUP] 14 [/SUP], Dong-Gyun Lim[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Jun-Sun Park[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Eun Hwa Choi[SUP] 7 8 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Background: The immunologic features of children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are not clearly delineated. This study was conducted to evaluate SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody responses in children with COVID-19.
Methods: The levels of anti-spike (S) IgG, anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG, and neutralizing antibody (NAb) were measured during various time points in children <19 years of age with COVID-19 in South Korea from February 2020 to September 2020.
Results: One hundred sixty-five blood samples from 114 children with COVID-19 (43.9% asymptomatic and 56.1% mildly symptomatic) were analyzed. In both asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic children, the positive rates of anti-S IgG, anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG, and NAb were low within 7 days after onset, but they soon reached 100% 14 to <28 days after onset. In symptomatic children, the geometric mean titers (GMTs) of antibodies were all below the positive cutoff during the first 2 weeks from onset and peaked at 28 to <56 days (5.6 for anti-S IgG, 383.6 for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG, and 55.0 for NAb, P < .001, respectively). Antibody levels remained detectable up to 3 months after infection. The antibody GMTs during the period 14 to <56 days after symptom onset were highest in children aged 0-4 years.
Conclusions: These results collectively present the humoral immune responses during SARS-CoV-2 infection in children. A further longitudinal study is needed to thoroughly understand the immune system and for effective vaccine development in children during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; antibody response; children.
. 2022 Mar 11;piac012.
doi: 10.1093/jpids/piac012. Online ahead of print.
Antibody Responses to SARS-CoV-2 in Children With COVID-19
Mi Seon Han[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jihye Um[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Eun Joo Lee[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Kyung Min Kim[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Sung Hee Chang[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Hyunju Lee[SUP] 6 7 [/SUP], Ye Kyung Kim[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Youn Young Choi[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Eun Young Cho[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Dong Hyun Kim[SUP] 11 [/SUP], Jae Hong Choi[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Jina Lee[SUP] 13 [/SUP], Misuk Kim[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Ki-Hyun Chung[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Hye Sook Min[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Young June Choe[SUP] 14 [/SUP], Dong-Gyun Lim[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Jun-Sun Park[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Eun Hwa Choi[SUP] 7 8 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 35275210
- DOI: 10.1093/jpids/piac012
Abstract
Background: The immunologic features of children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are not clearly delineated. This study was conducted to evaluate SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody responses in children with COVID-19.
Methods: The levels of anti-spike (S) IgG, anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG, and neutralizing antibody (NAb) were measured during various time points in children <19 years of age with COVID-19 in South Korea from February 2020 to September 2020.
Results: One hundred sixty-five blood samples from 114 children with COVID-19 (43.9% asymptomatic and 56.1% mildly symptomatic) were analyzed. In both asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic children, the positive rates of anti-S IgG, anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG, and NAb were low within 7 days after onset, but they soon reached 100% 14 to <28 days after onset. In symptomatic children, the geometric mean titers (GMTs) of antibodies were all below the positive cutoff during the first 2 weeks from onset and peaked at 28 to <56 days (5.6 for anti-S IgG, 383.6 for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG, and 55.0 for NAb, P < .001, respectively). Antibody levels remained detectable up to 3 months after infection. The antibody GMTs during the period 14 to <56 days after symptom onset were highest in children aged 0-4 years.
Conclusions: These results collectively present the humoral immune responses during SARS-CoV-2 infection in children. A further longitudinal study is needed to thoroughly understand the immune system and for effective vaccine development in children during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; antibody response; children.