tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Pharm Health Care Sci
. 2020 Oct 1;6:21.
doi: 10.1186/s40780-020-00178-4. eCollection 2020.
Efficacy of baloxavir marboxil on household transmission of influenza infection
Takumi Umemura[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Yoshikazu Mutoh[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Takato Kawamura[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Masayuki Saito[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Takahito Mizuno[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Aiko Ota[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Koji Kozaki[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Tetsuya Yamada[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Yoshiaki Ikeda[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Toshihiko Ichihara[SUP] 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Background: Baloxavir marboxil (baloxavir) is a new anti-influenza virus agent that is comparable to oseltamivir phosphate (oseltamivir). Since the efficacy of baloxavir in preventing household transmission of influenza is not well established, we compared the secondary household influenza virus transmission rates between patients on baloxavir vs oseltamivir.
Methods: Between October 2018 and March 2019, we enrolled index patients (diagnosed with influenza and treated with baloxavir or oseltamivir) and household members. The secondary attack rate of household members was compared between index patients treated with baloxavir vs oseltamivir. Risk factors of household transmission were determined using multivariate logistic analyses.
Results: In total, 169 index patients with influenza type A were enrolled. The median age was 27.0 (interquartile range; 11-57) years. The number of index patients treated with baloxavir and oseltamivir was 49 and 120, respectively. The secondary attack rate was 9.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.6-15.6) in the baloxavir group and 13.5% (95% CI: 9.8-17.9) in the oseltamivir group. In the multivariate analysis, independent risk factors were 0-6 years of age (odds ratio [OR] 2.78, 95% CI: 1.33-5.82, p < 0.01) and not being on baloxavir treatment. (OR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.30-1.32, p = 0.22).
Conclusion: The household secondary attack rate of influenza was comparable in patients treated with baloxavir vs oseltamivir. Therefore, baloxavir can be used as an alternative therapy to oseltamivir in reducing household transmission of influenza.
Trial registration: Patients in this study were retrospectively registered. https://www.tosei.or.jp/clinical/pdf/2_influenza.pdf.
Keywords: Baloxavir marboxil; Influenza; Oseltamivir phosphate; Secondary attack rate.
. 2020 Oct 1;6:21.
doi: 10.1186/s40780-020-00178-4. eCollection 2020.
Efficacy of baloxavir marboxil on household transmission of influenza infection
Takumi Umemura[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Yoshikazu Mutoh[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Takato Kawamura[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Masayuki Saito[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Takahito Mizuno[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Aiko Ota[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Koji Kozaki[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Tetsuya Yamada[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Yoshiaki Ikeda[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Toshihiko Ichihara[SUP] 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 33014405
- PMCID: PMC7528271
- DOI: 10.1186/s40780-020-00178-4
Abstract
Background: Baloxavir marboxil (baloxavir) is a new anti-influenza virus agent that is comparable to oseltamivir phosphate (oseltamivir). Since the efficacy of baloxavir in preventing household transmission of influenza is not well established, we compared the secondary household influenza virus transmission rates between patients on baloxavir vs oseltamivir.
Methods: Between October 2018 and March 2019, we enrolled index patients (diagnosed with influenza and treated with baloxavir or oseltamivir) and household members. The secondary attack rate of household members was compared between index patients treated with baloxavir vs oseltamivir. Risk factors of household transmission were determined using multivariate logistic analyses.
Results: In total, 169 index patients with influenza type A were enrolled. The median age was 27.0 (interquartile range; 11-57) years. The number of index patients treated with baloxavir and oseltamivir was 49 and 120, respectively. The secondary attack rate was 9.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.6-15.6) in the baloxavir group and 13.5% (95% CI: 9.8-17.9) in the oseltamivir group. In the multivariate analysis, independent risk factors were 0-6 years of age (odds ratio [OR] 2.78, 95% CI: 1.33-5.82, p < 0.01) and not being on baloxavir treatment. (OR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.30-1.32, p = 0.22).
Conclusion: The household secondary attack rate of influenza was comparable in patients treated with baloxavir vs oseltamivir. Therefore, baloxavir can be used as an alternative therapy to oseltamivir in reducing household transmission of influenza.
Trial registration: Patients in this study were retrospectively registered. https://www.tosei.or.jp/clinical/pdf/2_influenza.pdf.
Keywords: Baloxavir marboxil; Influenza; Oseltamivir phosphate; Secondary attack rate.