Re: Japan - Flu spreading in Japan, doubling number of cases per hospital
Antiviral resistance surveillance in Japan
[Background and objective]
Japan is the world's biggest consumer of four neuraminidase inhibitors, oseltamivir, peramivir, zanamivir and laninamivir, for chemotherapy against influenza and has a high potential to emerge the inhibitor-resistant influenza viruses. Consequently, sustained monitoring of the neuraminidase inhibitor-resistant viruses and sharing surveillance data are important for public health measures and therapeutic strategy at clinical hospitals.
To monitor neuraminidase inhibitor-resistant influenza viruses, we tested A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2) and B viruses by a combination of phenotypic and genotypic assays. In the phenotypic assay, approximately 5-10% of total isolates were randomly selected and subjected to neuraminidase inhibition assays against oseltamivir, peramivir, zanamivir and laninamivir. In the genotypic assay, allele-specific TaqMan RT-PCR and/or partial sequencing of neuraminidase gene were performed to detect antiviral resistance mutations.
The data summarized below are results of phenotypic and genotypic assays reported and updated monthly.
http://idsc.nih.go.jp/iasr/influ-e.html#Antiviral
related links
1 died: Influenza A nosocomial infection in Ageo central general hospital, Saitama prefecture
http://www.flutrackers.com/forum/showthread.php?p=438266
2 died: Influenza nosocomial infection in Toride-Kitasoma healthcare center medical association Hospital, Ibaraki prefecture
http://www.flutrackers.com/forum/showthread.php?t=181002
3 died & 2 are serious condition: Influenza nosocomial infection in Joto hospital, Yamanashi prefecture
http://www.flutrackers.com/forum/showthread.php?t=181382
1 died & 2 are serious condition: Influenza nosocomial infection in Junwakai memorial hospital, Miyazaki prefecture
http://www.flutrackers.com/forum/showthread.php?t=181387
90s man died in early Jan: Influenza mass infection in welfare facility for the elderly, Hida area, Gifu prefecture
19 infected with flu
80s man died in late Jan: Influenza mass infection in welfare facility for the elderly, Chuno area, Gifu prefecture
15 infected with flu
Gifu real time infectious disease surveillance system
http://infect.gifu.med.or.jp/influ/influcondition
chunichi web
http://www.excite-webtl.jp/world/english/web/?wb_url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chunichi.co.jp%2Farticle%2Fgifu%2F20120208%2FCK2012020802000113.html&wb_lp=JAEN&wb_dis=
47 news
http://www.excite-webtl.jp/world/english/web/?wb_url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.47news.jp%2FCN%2F201202%2FCN2012020301002249.html&wb_lp=JAEN&wb_dis=
8 years old boy dies of influenza in Hokkaido
http://www.flutrackers.com/forum/showthread.php?p=440134#post440134
70s woman dies of influenza A on 6 Feb in group home, Aomori prefecture
cough and fever on 5 Feb, her temperature was above 38 degrees
diagnosis: influenza A
vaccine: vaccinated in Nov 2011
no chronic disease, no mass infection in group home
mainichi news
http://www.excite-webtl.jp/world/english/web/?wb_url=http%3A%2F%2Fmainichi.jp%2Farea%2Faomori%2Fnews%2F20120209ddlk02040052000c.html&wb_lp=JAEN&wb_dis=
2 died: Influenza nosocomial infection in Kashimoto hospital, Osaka prefecture
http://www.flutrackers.com/forum/showthread.php?p=441057#post441057
1 died: Influenza nosocomial infection in Tanabe hospital, Kyoto prefecture
http://www.flutrackers.com/forum/showthread.php?t=182017
1 died: Influenza mass infection in special nursing home, Ibaraki prefecture
http://www.flutrackers.com/forum/showthread.php?t=182048
80s woman died on 9 Feb in special nursing home, Chiba prefecture
sankei news
http://www.excite-webtl.jp/world/english/web/?wb_url=http%3A%2F%2Fsankei.jp.msn.com%2Faffairs%2Fnews%2F120212%2Fcrm12021218390010-n1.htm&wb_lp=JAEN&wb_dis=
2 died: Influenza mass infection in private nursing home, Chiba prefecture
http://www.flutrackers.com/forum/showthread.php?p=441873#post441873
1 died: Influenza infections in special nursing home, Shiga prefecture
http://www.flutrackers.com/forum/showthread.php?t=182376
3 died: Influenza mass infection in private nursing home, Okayama prefecture
http://www.flutrackers.com/forum/showthread.php?p=442374#post442374
1 died: Influenza mass infection in long-term care health facility, Ibaraki prefecture
http://www.flutrackers.com/forum/showthread.php?p=443457#post443457
Influenza nosocomial infection in ?date municipal ?gita hospital, Akita prefecture
http://www.flutrackers.com/forum/showthread.php?t=183064
1 died: Influenza mass infection in Long-term care health facility, Aomori prefecture
http://www.flutrackers.com/forum/showthread.php?t=183093
1 died: Influenza nosocomial infection in Yachiyo hospital, Ibaraki prefecture
http://www.flutrackers.com/forum/showthread.php?t=183207
2 died: Influenza mass infection in special nursing home, Shizuoka prefecture
http://www.flutrackers.com/forum/showthread.php?t=183300
1 died: Influenza mass infection in elderly nursing facility, Ehime prefecture
http://www.flutrackers.com/forum/showthread.php?t=183301
2 died: Influenza nosocomial infection in Hyogo college of medicine's Sasayama medical center, Hyogo prefecture
http://www.flutrackers.com/forum/showthread.php?p=444458#post444458
1 died: Influenza mass infection in special nursing home, Ibaraki prefecture
http://www.flutrackers.com/forum/showthread.php?p=445060#post445060
1 died: Influenza mass infection in special nursing home, Ibaraki prefecture
http://www.flutrackers.com/forum/showthread.php?p=445165#post445165
1 died: Influenza mass infection in special nursing home, Ibaraki prefecture
http://www.flutrackers.com/forum/showthread.php?p=445764#post445764