tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Vaccine. 2019 Nov 29. pii: S0264-410X(19)31595-6. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.11.053. [Epub ahead of print] [h=1]Large-scale influenza vaccination promotion on a mobile app platform: A randomized controlled trial.[/h]
Lee WN[SUP]1[/SUP], St?ck D[SUP]2[/SUP], Konty K[SUP]3[/SUP], Rivers C[SUP]4[/SUP], Brown CR[SUP]5[/SUP], Zbikowski SM[SUP]6[/SUP], Foschini L[SUP]7[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h] 1 Evidation Health, 167 2nd Avenue, San Mateo, CA 94401, United States. Electronic address: wlee@evidation.com. 2 Evidation Health, 167 2nd Avenue, San Mateo, CA 94401, United States. Electronic address: dstuck@evidation.com. 3 Evidation Health, 15 Figueroa St., Santa Barbara, CA 93101, United States. Electronic address: kkonty@evidation.com. 4 Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, 621 E. Pratt Street, Suite 210, Baltimore, MD 21230, United States. Electronic address: crivers6@jhu.edu. 5 Humana, 500 W. Main Street, Louisville, KY 40202, United States. Electronic address: cbrown37@humana.com. 6 834 NE 95(th) Street, Seattle, WA 98115, United States. 7 Evidation Health, 15 Figueroa St., Santa Barbara, CA 93101, United States. Electronic address: lfoschini@evidation.com.
[h=3]Abstract[/h] While health-care providers have used incentives in an attempt to motivate patients to obtain vaccinations, their effect on vaccination rates has not been systematically evaluated on a large scale. In this study, we examined whether mobile applications may improve population vaccination rates through enhanced communication and incentives education. Our study is the first randomized controlled trial assessing the effect of large-scale messaging combined with individualized incentives on influenza-vaccination rates. In this trial, we delivered messages regarding influenza vaccinations to 50,286 adults, aged 18 through 65, then compared the subsequent vaccination rate, the effectiveness of the message content and the timing. Multiple rounds of messaging occurred over a seven-week period during the 2016 flu season, after which vaccination rates were observed for one week. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three messaging approaches: conspicuous (highlighting the amount of rewards to be received for obtaining a flu shot); generic (promoting vaccinations with no mention of rewards); or no-message. Evidence of vaccination obtainment was indicated by medical and pharmacy claims, augmented by patients self-reporting through the mobile wellness app during the study period. Of the people assigned to receive messaging, 23.2% obtained influenza vaccination, compared to 22.0% of people who obtained vaccination in the no-messaging control arm. This difference was statistically significant (p < 0.01). The research revealed that messaging effectiveness decreased after each successive batch sent, suggesting that most participants responsive to messaging would become activated immediately after receiving one alert. Interestingly, in this large-scale study, there were no significant differences between conspicuous incentives and generic messaging, suggesting an important area for future research. Trial Registration: clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT02908893.
Copyright ? 2019. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
PMID: 31787410 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.11.053
Lee WN[SUP]1[/SUP], St?ck D[SUP]2[/SUP], Konty K[SUP]3[/SUP], Rivers C[SUP]4[/SUP], Brown CR[SUP]5[/SUP], Zbikowski SM[SUP]6[/SUP], Foschini L[SUP]7[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h] 1 Evidation Health, 167 2nd Avenue, San Mateo, CA 94401, United States. Electronic address: wlee@evidation.com. 2 Evidation Health, 167 2nd Avenue, San Mateo, CA 94401, United States. Electronic address: dstuck@evidation.com. 3 Evidation Health, 15 Figueroa St., Santa Barbara, CA 93101, United States. Electronic address: kkonty@evidation.com. 4 Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, 621 E. Pratt Street, Suite 210, Baltimore, MD 21230, United States. Electronic address: crivers6@jhu.edu. 5 Humana, 500 W. Main Street, Louisville, KY 40202, United States. Electronic address: cbrown37@humana.com. 6 834 NE 95(th) Street, Seattle, WA 98115, United States. 7 Evidation Health, 15 Figueroa St., Santa Barbara, CA 93101, United States. Electronic address: lfoschini@evidation.com.
[h=3]Abstract[/h] While health-care providers have used incentives in an attempt to motivate patients to obtain vaccinations, their effect on vaccination rates has not been systematically evaluated on a large scale. In this study, we examined whether mobile applications may improve population vaccination rates through enhanced communication and incentives education. Our study is the first randomized controlled trial assessing the effect of large-scale messaging combined with individualized incentives on influenza-vaccination rates. In this trial, we delivered messages regarding influenza vaccinations to 50,286 adults, aged 18 through 65, then compared the subsequent vaccination rate, the effectiveness of the message content and the timing. Multiple rounds of messaging occurred over a seven-week period during the 2016 flu season, after which vaccination rates were observed for one week. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three messaging approaches: conspicuous (highlighting the amount of rewards to be received for obtaining a flu shot); generic (promoting vaccinations with no mention of rewards); or no-message. Evidence of vaccination obtainment was indicated by medical and pharmacy claims, augmented by patients self-reporting through the mobile wellness app during the study period. Of the people assigned to receive messaging, 23.2% obtained influenza vaccination, compared to 22.0% of people who obtained vaccination in the no-messaging control arm. This difference was statistically significant (p < 0.01). The research revealed that messaging effectiveness decreased after each successive batch sent, suggesting that most participants responsive to messaging would become activated immediately after receiving one alert. Interestingly, in this large-scale study, there were no significant differences between conspicuous incentives and generic messaging, suggesting an important area for future research. Trial Registration: clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT02908893.
Copyright ? 2019. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
PMID: 31787410 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.11.053