tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Virol. 2017 Feb 15. pii: JVI.02208-16. doi: 10.1128/JVI.02208-16. [Epub ahead of print]
[h=1]Low Pathogenic Influenza A Viruses in North American Diving Ducks Contribute to the Emergence of a Novel Highly Pathogenic Influenza A(H7N8) Virus.[/h] Xu Y[SUP]1[/SUP], Ramey AM[SUP]2[/SUP], Bowman AS[SUP]3[/SUP], DeLiberto TJ[SUP]4[/SUP], Killian ML[SUP]5[/SUP], Krauss S[SUP]6[/SUP], Nolting JM[SUP]3[/SUP], Torchetti MK[SUP]5[/SUP], Reeves AB[SUP]7[/SUP], Webby RJ[SUP]6[/SUP], Stallknecht DE[SUP]8[/SUP], Wan XF[SUP]9[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h]
[h=3]Abstract[/h] Introductions of low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) viruses of subtypes H5 and H7 into poultry from wild birds have the potential to mutate to highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), but such viruses' origins are often unclear. In January 2016, a novel H7N8 HPAI virus caused an outbreak in turkeys in Indiana, USA. To determine the virus's origin, we sequenced genomes of 441 wild bird-origin influenza A viruses (IAVs) from North America and subjected them to evolutionary analyses. Results showed that the H7N8 LPAI virus most likely circulated among diving ducks in the Mississippi flyway during autumn 2015 and was subsequently introduced to Indiana turkeys, in which it evolved high pathogenicity. Preceding the outbreak, an isolate with six gene segments (PB2, PB1, PA, HA, NA, and NS) sharing >99% sequence identity with those of H7N8 turkey isolates was recovered from a diving duck sampled in Kentucky, USA. H4N8 IAVs from other diving ducks possessed five H7N8-like gene segments (PB2, PB1, NA, MP, and NS, >98% sequence identity). Our findings suggest that viral gene constellations circulating among diving ducks can contribute towards the emergence of IAVs that affect poultry. Therefore, diving ducks may serve an important and understudied role in the maintenance, diversification, and transmission of IAVs in the wild bird reservoir.IMPORTANCE In January 2016, a novel H7N8 HPAI virus caused a disease outbreak in turkeys in Indiana, USA. Toward determining the origin of this virus, we sequenced and analyzed 441 wild bird-origin influenza strains isolated from wild birds inhabiting North America. We found that H7N8 LPAI virus most likely circulated among diving ducks in the Mississippi flyway during autumn 2015 and was subsequently introduced to Indiana turkeys, in which it evolved high pathogenicity. Our results suggest that viral gene constellations circulating among diving ducks can contribute towards the emergence of IAVs that affect poultry. Therefore diving ducks may serve an important and understudied role in the maintenance, diversification, and transmission of IAVs in the wild bird reservoir. Our study also highlights the importance of a coordinated, systematic, and collaborative surveillance for IAVs in both poultry and wild bird populations.
Copyright ? 2017 American Society for Microbiology.
PMID: 28202755 DOI: 10.1128/JVI.02208-16
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
[h=1]Low Pathogenic Influenza A Viruses in North American Diving Ducks Contribute to the Emergence of a Novel Highly Pathogenic Influenza A(H7N8) Virus.[/h] Xu Y[SUP]1[/SUP], Ramey AM[SUP]2[/SUP], Bowman AS[SUP]3[/SUP], DeLiberto TJ[SUP]4[/SUP], Killian ML[SUP]5[/SUP], Krauss S[SUP]6[/SUP], Nolting JM[SUP]3[/SUP], Torchetti MK[SUP]5[/SUP], Reeves AB[SUP]7[/SUP], Webby RJ[SUP]6[/SUP], Stallknecht DE[SUP]8[/SUP], Wan XF[SUP]9[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h]
[h=3]Abstract[/h] Introductions of low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) viruses of subtypes H5 and H7 into poultry from wild birds have the potential to mutate to highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), but such viruses' origins are often unclear. In January 2016, a novel H7N8 HPAI virus caused an outbreak in turkeys in Indiana, USA. To determine the virus's origin, we sequenced genomes of 441 wild bird-origin influenza A viruses (IAVs) from North America and subjected them to evolutionary analyses. Results showed that the H7N8 LPAI virus most likely circulated among diving ducks in the Mississippi flyway during autumn 2015 and was subsequently introduced to Indiana turkeys, in which it evolved high pathogenicity. Preceding the outbreak, an isolate with six gene segments (PB2, PB1, PA, HA, NA, and NS) sharing >99% sequence identity with those of H7N8 turkey isolates was recovered from a diving duck sampled in Kentucky, USA. H4N8 IAVs from other diving ducks possessed five H7N8-like gene segments (PB2, PB1, NA, MP, and NS, >98% sequence identity). Our findings suggest that viral gene constellations circulating among diving ducks can contribute towards the emergence of IAVs that affect poultry. Therefore, diving ducks may serve an important and understudied role in the maintenance, diversification, and transmission of IAVs in the wild bird reservoir.IMPORTANCE In January 2016, a novel H7N8 HPAI virus caused a disease outbreak in turkeys in Indiana, USA. Toward determining the origin of this virus, we sequenced and analyzed 441 wild bird-origin influenza strains isolated from wild birds inhabiting North America. We found that H7N8 LPAI virus most likely circulated among diving ducks in the Mississippi flyway during autumn 2015 and was subsequently introduced to Indiana turkeys, in which it evolved high pathogenicity. Our results suggest that viral gene constellations circulating among diving ducks can contribute towards the emergence of IAVs that affect poultry. Therefore diving ducks may serve an important and understudied role in the maintenance, diversification, and transmission of IAVs in the wild bird reservoir. Our study also highlights the importance of a coordinated, systematic, and collaborative surveillance for IAVs in both poultry and wild bird populations.
Copyright ? 2017 American Society for Microbiology.
PMID: 28202755 DOI: 10.1128/JVI.02208-16
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]