tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Mayo Clin Proc Innov Qual Outcomes
. 2022 May 30.
doi: 10.1016/j.mayocpiqo.2022.05.004. Online ahead of print.
Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection
Isin Yagmur Comba[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Irene Riestra Guiance[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Cristina Corsini Campioli[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Douglas Challener[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Priya Sampathkumar[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Robert Orenstein[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Joel Gordon[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Wendelyn Bosch[SUP] 5 [/SUP], John C O'Horo[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Objective: To examine the clinical characteristics, risk of hospitalization and mortality of patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 reinfection.
Patients and methods: We retrospectively reviewed all patients with SARS-CoV-2 reinfection all Mayo Clinic sites between May 23, 2020, and June 30, 2021 (the period before emergence of delta variant in United States). The reinfection was defined as positive SARS-CoV-2 test ≥ 90 days after initial infection or 45-89 days after with symptomatic second episode. Vaccination status was classified as fully vaccinated, first dose and unvaccinated. Comparative analysis of baseline characteristics and comorbidities was performed by hospitalization and vaccination status. The survival analysis of hospitalized patients was performed using cox-proportional hazard regression.
Results: Among 554 reinfected patients, 59 (10.6%) were pediatric, and 495 (89.4%) were adults. The median age was 13.9 years (interquartile range [IQR], 8.5-16.5) for pediatric and 50.2 years (IQR, 28.4-65.6) for adult population. Among adult patients, majority were unvaccinated (83.4%, n=413) and duration to reinfection from initial infection was longest in fully vaccinated group (p < .001). 42 (75%) out of 56 patients were seropositive within seven days of reinfection. In hospitalized adult patients, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) was an independent risk factor for mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.35; 95% CI, 0.19 to 0.51).
Conclusion: In this study, majority of adult patients with SARS-CoV-2 reinfection were unvaccinated. Furthermore, the duration to reinfection was longest in fully vaccinated individuals. Seropositivity was common among adult patients.
Keywords: BMI, body mass index; CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index; CI, confidence interval.; COVID-19; COVID-19, coronavirus disease; HR, hazard ratio; IQR, interquartile range; RT-PCR, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction; SARS-CoV-2; SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus; reinfection.
. 2022 May 30.
doi: 10.1016/j.mayocpiqo.2022.05.004. Online ahead of print.
Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection
Isin Yagmur Comba[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Irene Riestra Guiance[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Cristina Corsini Campioli[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Douglas Challener[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Priya Sampathkumar[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Robert Orenstein[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Joel Gordon[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Wendelyn Bosch[SUP] 5 [/SUP], John C O'Horo[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 35665315
- PMCID: PMC9149045
- DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocpiqo.2022.05.004
Abstract
Objective: To examine the clinical characteristics, risk of hospitalization and mortality of patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 reinfection.
Patients and methods: We retrospectively reviewed all patients with SARS-CoV-2 reinfection all Mayo Clinic sites between May 23, 2020, and June 30, 2021 (the period before emergence of delta variant in United States). The reinfection was defined as positive SARS-CoV-2 test ≥ 90 days after initial infection or 45-89 days after with symptomatic second episode. Vaccination status was classified as fully vaccinated, first dose and unvaccinated. Comparative analysis of baseline characteristics and comorbidities was performed by hospitalization and vaccination status. The survival analysis of hospitalized patients was performed using cox-proportional hazard regression.
Results: Among 554 reinfected patients, 59 (10.6%) were pediatric, and 495 (89.4%) were adults. The median age was 13.9 years (interquartile range [IQR], 8.5-16.5) for pediatric and 50.2 years (IQR, 28.4-65.6) for adult population. Among adult patients, majority were unvaccinated (83.4%, n=413) and duration to reinfection from initial infection was longest in fully vaccinated group (p < .001). 42 (75%) out of 56 patients were seropositive within seven days of reinfection. In hospitalized adult patients, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) was an independent risk factor for mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.35; 95% CI, 0.19 to 0.51).
Conclusion: In this study, majority of adult patients with SARS-CoV-2 reinfection were unvaccinated. Furthermore, the duration to reinfection was longest in fully vaccinated individuals. Seropositivity was common among adult patients.
Keywords: BMI, body mass index; CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index; CI, confidence interval.; COVID-19; COVID-19, coronavirus disease; HR, hazard ratio; IQR, interquartile range; RT-PCR, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction; SARS-CoV-2; SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus; reinfection.