tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Mol Neurobiol
. 2020 Sep 1.
doi: 10.1007/s12035-020-02094-y. Online ahead of print.
Understanding the Immunologic Characteristics of Neurologic Manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 and Potential Immunological Mechanisms
Soheil Mohammadi[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Fatemeh Moosaie[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Mohammad Hadi Aarabi[SUP] 3 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Similar to its predecessors, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) exhibits neurotrophic properties, which lead to progression of neurologic sequelae. Besides direct viral invasion to the central nervous system (CNS), indirect CNS involvement through viral-mediated immune response is plausible. Aberrant immune pathways such as extreme release of cytokines (cytokine storm), autoimmunity mediated by cross-reactivity between CNS components and viral particles, and microglial activation propagate CNS damage in these patients. Here, we review the currently available evidence to discuss the plausible immunologic pathways that may contribute to the development of COVID-19 neurological complications, namely Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, stroke, multiple sclerosis, Guillain-Barre syndrome, seizure, and brainstem involvement.
Keywords: Central nervous system; Coronavirus disease 2019; Cytokines; Immunologic pathways; Neurological complications; SARS-CoV-2.
. 2020 Sep 1.
doi: 10.1007/s12035-020-02094-y. Online ahead of print.
Understanding the Immunologic Characteristics of Neurologic Manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 and Potential Immunological Mechanisms
Soheil Mohammadi[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Fatemeh Moosaie[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Mohammad Hadi Aarabi[SUP] 3 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 32869183
- DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02094-y
Abstract
Similar to its predecessors, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) exhibits neurotrophic properties, which lead to progression of neurologic sequelae. Besides direct viral invasion to the central nervous system (CNS), indirect CNS involvement through viral-mediated immune response is plausible. Aberrant immune pathways such as extreme release of cytokines (cytokine storm), autoimmunity mediated by cross-reactivity between CNS components and viral particles, and microglial activation propagate CNS damage in these patients. Here, we review the currently available evidence to discuss the plausible immunologic pathways that may contribute to the development of COVID-19 neurological complications, namely Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, stroke, multiple sclerosis, Guillain-Barre syndrome, seizure, and brainstem involvement.
Keywords: Central nervous system; Coronavirus disease 2019; Cytokines; Immunologic pathways; Neurological complications; SARS-CoV-2.