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Mol Ther Nucleic Acids . Looking beyond the origin of SARS-CoV-2: Significant strategic aspects during the five-year journey of COVID-19 vaccine de

tetano

Editor, Senior Moderator
Mol Ther Nucleic Acids


. 2025 Mar 28;36(2):102527.
doi: 10.1016/j.omtn.2025.102527. eCollection 2025 Jun 10. Looking beyond the origin of SARS-CoV-2: Significant strategic aspects during the five-year journey of COVID-19 vaccine development

Chiranjib Chakraborty[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Yi-Hao Lo[SUP] 2 3 [/SUP], Manojit Bhattacharya[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Arpita Das[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Zhi-Hong Wen[SUP] 5 6 [/SUP]



Affiliations
Abstract

It has been five years since the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and we are also approaching the five-year mark of the COVID-19 pandemic. The vaccine is a significant weapon in combating infectious diseases like SARS-CoV-2. Several vaccines were developed against SARS-CoV-2, and they demonstrated efficacy and safety during these five years. The rapid development of multiple next-generation vaccine candidates in different platforms with very little time is the success story of the vaccine development endeavor. This remarkable success of rapid vaccine development is a new paradigm for fast vaccine development that might help develop infectious diseases and fight against the pandemic. With the completion of five years since the beginning of SARS-CoV-2 origin, we are looking back on the five years and reviewing the milestones, vaccine platforms, animal models, clinical trials, successful collaborations, vaccine safety, real-world effectiveness, and challenges. Lessons learned during these five years will help us respond to public health emergencies and to fight the battle against future pandemics.

Keywords: COVID-19; MT: Oligonucleotides: Therapies and Applications; SARS-CoV-2; clinical trials; vaccines.

 
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