tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Nat Commun. 2019 Nov 22;10(1):5310. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-13287-y. [h=1]Disentangling the role of Africa in the global spread of H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza.[/h]
Fusaro A[SUP]1[/SUP], Zecchin B[SUP]2[/SUP], Vrancken B[SUP]3[/SUP], Abolnik C[SUP]4[/SUP], Ademun R[SUP]5[/SUP], Alassane A[SUP]6[/SUP], Arafa A[SUP]7[/SUP], Awuni JA[SUP]8[/SUP], Couacy-Hymann E[SUP]9[/SUP], Coulibaly M'B[SUP]10[/SUP], Gaidet N[SUP]11[/SUP], Go-Maro E[SUP]12[/SUP], Joannis T[SUP]13[/SUP], Jumbo SD[SUP]14[/SUP], Minoungou G[SUP]15[/SUP], Meseko C[SUP]13[/SUP], Souley MM[SUP]6[/SUP], Ndumu DB[SUP]5[/SUP], Shittu I[SUP]13[/SUP], Twabela A[SUP]16[/SUP], Wade A[SUP]17[/SUP], Wiersma L[SUP]18[/SUP], Akpeli YP[SUP]12[/SUP], Zamperin G[SUP]2[/SUP], Milani A[SUP]2[/SUP], Lemey P[SUP]3[/SUP], Monne I[SUP]19[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h] 1 Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy. afusaro@izsvenezie.it. 2 Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy. 3 KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, Leuven, Belgium. 4 Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa. 5 National Animal Disease Diagnostics and Epidemiology Center (NADDEC), Entebbe, Uganda. 6 Laboratoire Central de l'Elevage (LABOCEL), Niamey, Niger. 7 National Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production (NLQP), Animal Health Research Institute, Giza, Egypt. 8 Accra Veterinary Laboratory, Accra, Ghana. 9 Laboratoire Central de Pathologie Animale, Bingerville, C?te d'Ivoire. 10 Laboratoire National D'Appui au D?veloppement Agricole, Abidjan, C?te d'Ivoire. 11 CIRAD, UPR GREEN, Montpellier, France. 12 Laboratoire Central V?t?rinaire de Lom?, Lom?, Togo. 13 National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria. 14 Laboratoire National V?t?rinaire (LANAVET), Garoua, Cameroon. 15 Laboratoire National d'Elevage de Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. 16 Veterinary Laboratory of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo. 17 Laboratoire National V?t?rinaire (LANAVET), Yaound?, Cameroon. 18 Laboratory Unit of the Emergency Prevention System (EMPRES), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (UN-FAO), Rome, Italy. 19 Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy. imonne@izsvenezie.it.
[h=3]Abstract[/h] The role of Africa in the dynamics of the global spread of a zoonotic and economically-important virus, such as the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5Nx of the Gs/GD lineage, remains unexplored. Here we characterise the spatiotemporal patterns of virus diffusion during three HPAI H5Nx intercontinental epidemic waves and demonstrate that Africa mainly acted as an ecological sink of the HPAI H5Nx viruses. A joint analysis of host dynamics and continuous spatial diffusion indicates that poultry trade as well as wild bird migrations have contributed to the virus spreading into Africa, with West Africa acting as a crucial hotspot for virus introduction and dissemination into the continent. We demonstrate varying paths of avian influenza incursions into Africa as well as virus spread within Africa over time, which reveal that virus expansion is a complex phenomenon, shaped by an intricate interplay between avian host ecology, virus characteristics and environmental variables.
PMID: 31757953 PMCID: PMC6874648 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13287-y
Free PMC Article
Fusaro A[SUP]1[/SUP], Zecchin B[SUP]2[/SUP], Vrancken B[SUP]3[/SUP], Abolnik C[SUP]4[/SUP], Ademun R[SUP]5[/SUP], Alassane A[SUP]6[/SUP], Arafa A[SUP]7[/SUP], Awuni JA[SUP]8[/SUP], Couacy-Hymann E[SUP]9[/SUP], Coulibaly M'B[SUP]10[/SUP], Gaidet N[SUP]11[/SUP], Go-Maro E[SUP]12[/SUP], Joannis T[SUP]13[/SUP], Jumbo SD[SUP]14[/SUP], Minoungou G[SUP]15[/SUP], Meseko C[SUP]13[/SUP], Souley MM[SUP]6[/SUP], Ndumu DB[SUP]5[/SUP], Shittu I[SUP]13[/SUP], Twabela A[SUP]16[/SUP], Wade A[SUP]17[/SUP], Wiersma L[SUP]18[/SUP], Akpeli YP[SUP]12[/SUP], Zamperin G[SUP]2[/SUP], Milani A[SUP]2[/SUP], Lemey P[SUP]3[/SUP], Monne I[SUP]19[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h] 1 Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy. afusaro@izsvenezie.it. 2 Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy. 3 KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, Leuven, Belgium. 4 Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa. 5 National Animal Disease Diagnostics and Epidemiology Center (NADDEC), Entebbe, Uganda. 6 Laboratoire Central de l'Elevage (LABOCEL), Niamey, Niger. 7 National Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production (NLQP), Animal Health Research Institute, Giza, Egypt. 8 Accra Veterinary Laboratory, Accra, Ghana. 9 Laboratoire Central de Pathologie Animale, Bingerville, C?te d'Ivoire. 10 Laboratoire National D'Appui au D?veloppement Agricole, Abidjan, C?te d'Ivoire. 11 CIRAD, UPR GREEN, Montpellier, France. 12 Laboratoire Central V?t?rinaire de Lom?, Lom?, Togo. 13 National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria. 14 Laboratoire National V?t?rinaire (LANAVET), Garoua, Cameroon. 15 Laboratoire National d'Elevage de Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. 16 Veterinary Laboratory of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo. 17 Laboratoire National V?t?rinaire (LANAVET), Yaound?, Cameroon. 18 Laboratory Unit of the Emergency Prevention System (EMPRES), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (UN-FAO), Rome, Italy. 19 Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy. imonne@izsvenezie.it.
[h=3]Abstract[/h] The role of Africa in the dynamics of the global spread of a zoonotic and economically-important virus, such as the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5Nx of the Gs/GD lineage, remains unexplored. Here we characterise the spatiotemporal patterns of virus diffusion during three HPAI H5Nx intercontinental epidemic waves and demonstrate that Africa mainly acted as an ecological sink of the HPAI H5Nx viruses. A joint analysis of host dynamics and continuous spatial diffusion indicates that poultry trade as well as wild bird migrations have contributed to the virus spreading into Africa, with West Africa acting as a crucial hotspot for virus introduction and dissemination into the continent. We demonstrate varying paths of avian influenza incursions into Africa as well as virus spread within Africa over time, which reveal that virus expansion is a complex phenomenon, shaped by an intricate interplay between avian host ecology, virus characteristics and environmental variables.
PMID: 31757953 PMCID: PMC6874648 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13287-y
Free PMC Article