tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Nat Rev Microbiol
. 2021 Nov 19.
doi: 10.1038/s41579-021-00652-2. Online ahead of print.
Ecology, evolution and spillover of coronaviruses from bats
Manuel Ruiz-Aravena[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 1 [/SUP], Clifton McKee[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 2 [/SUP], Amandine Gamble[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Tamika Lunn[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Aaron Morris[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Celine E Snedden[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Claude Kwe Yinda[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Julia R Port[SUP] 6 [/SUP], David W Buchholz[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Yao Yu Yeo[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Christina Faust[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Elinor Jax[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Lauren Dee[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Devin N Jones[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Maureen K Kessler[SUP] 1 9 [/SUP], Caylee Falvo[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Daniel Crowley[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Nita Bharti[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Cara E Brook[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Hector C Aguilar[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Alison J Peel[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Olivier Restif[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Tony Schountz[SUP] 11 [/SUP], Colin R Parrish[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Emily S Gurley[SUP] 2 [/SUP], James O Lloyd-Smith[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Peter J Hudson[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Vincent J Munster[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Raina K Plowright[SUP] 12 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
In the past two decades, three coronaviruses with ancestral origins in bats have emerged and caused widespread outbreaks in humans, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Since the first SARS epidemic in 2002-2003, the appreciation of bats as key hosts of zoonotic coronaviruses has advanced rapidly. More than 4,000 coronavirus sequences from 14 bat families have been identified, yet the true diversity of bat coronaviruses is probably much greater. Given that bats are the likely evolutionary source for several human coronaviruses, including strains that cause mild upper respiratory tract disease, their role in historic and future pandemics requires ongoing investigation. We review and integrate information on bat-coronavirus interactions at the molecular, tissue, host and population levels. We identify critical gaps in knowledge of bat coronaviruses, which relate to spillover and pandemic risk, including the pathways to zoonotic spillover, the infection dynamics within bat reservoir hosts, the role of prior adaptation in intermediate hosts for zoonotic transmission and the viral genotypes or traits that predict zoonotic capacity and pandemic potential. Filling these knowledge gaps may help prevent the next pandemic.
. 2021 Nov 19.
doi: 10.1038/s41579-021-00652-2. Online ahead of print.
Ecology, evolution and spillover of coronaviruses from bats
Manuel Ruiz-Aravena[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 1 [/SUP], Clifton McKee[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 2 [/SUP], Amandine Gamble[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Tamika Lunn[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Aaron Morris[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Celine E Snedden[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Claude Kwe Yinda[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Julia R Port[SUP] 6 [/SUP], David W Buchholz[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Yao Yu Yeo[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Christina Faust[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Elinor Jax[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Lauren Dee[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Devin N Jones[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Maureen K Kessler[SUP] 1 9 [/SUP], Caylee Falvo[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Daniel Crowley[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Nita Bharti[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Cara E Brook[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Hector C Aguilar[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Alison J Peel[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Olivier Restif[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Tony Schountz[SUP] 11 [/SUP], Colin R Parrish[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Emily S Gurley[SUP] 2 [/SUP], James O Lloyd-Smith[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Peter J Hudson[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Vincent J Munster[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Raina K Plowright[SUP] 12 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 34799704
- DOI: 10.1038/s41579-021-00652-2
Abstract
In the past two decades, three coronaviruses with ancestral origins in bats have emerged and caused widespread outbreaks in humans, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Since the first SARS epidemic in 2002-2003, the appreciation of bats as key hosts of zoonotic coronaviruses has advanced rapidly. More than 4,000 coronavirus sequences from 14 bat families have been identified, yet the true diversity of bat coronaviruses is probably much greater. Given that bats are the likely evolutionary source for several human coronaviruses, including strains that cause mild upper respiratory tract disease, their role in historic and future pandemics requires ongoing investigation. We review and integrate information on bat-coronavirus interactions at the molecular, tissue, host and population levels. We identify critical gaps in knowledge of bat coronaviruses, which relate to spillover and pandemic risk, including the pathways to zoonotic spillover, the infection dynamics within bat reservoir hosts, the role of prior adaptation in intermediate hosts for zoonotic transmission and the viral genotypes or traits that predict zoonotic capacity and pandemic potential. Filling these knowledge gaps may help prevent the next pandemic.