tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Nature
. 2025 Jan 15.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-025-08609-8. Online ahead of print. Pathogenesis of bovine H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b infection in Macaques
Kyle Rosenke[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 1 [/SUP], Amanda Giffin[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 1 [/SUP], Franziska Kaiser[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ekaterina Altynova[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Reshma Mukesh[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Meaghan Flagg[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Thomas Tipih[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kerry Goldin[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Arthur Wickenhagen[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Brandi N Williamson[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Shane Gallogly[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Shanna S Leventhal[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Tessa Lutterman[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Atsushi Okumura[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Matthew C Lewis[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kishore Kanakabandi[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Craig Martens[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Kwe C Yinda[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Deepashri Rao[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Brian J Smith[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Carl Shaia[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Greg Saturday[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Patrick Hanley[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Neeltje van Doremalen[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Emmie de Wit[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Vincent J Munster[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Heinz Feldmann[SUP] 6 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Since early 2022 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus infections have been reported in wild aquatic birds and poultry throughout the United States (US) with spillover into several mammalian species[SUP]1-6[/SUP]. In March 2024, HPAIV H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b was first detected in dairy cows in Texas, US and continues to circulate on dairy farms in multiple states[SUP]7,8[/SUP]. Milk production and quality are diminished in infected dairy cows, with high virus titers in milk raising concerns of exposure to mammals including humans through consumption[SUP]9-12[/SUP]. Here we investigated routes of infection with bovine HPAIV H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b in cynomolgus macaques, a surrogate model for human infection[SUP]13[/SUP]. We show that intranasal or intratracheal inoculation of macaques could cause systemic infection resulting in mild and severe respiratory disease, respectively. In contrast, infection by the orogastric route resulted in limited infection and seroconversion of macaques which remained subclinical.
. 2025 Jan 15.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-025-08609-8. Online ahead of print. Pathogenesis of bovine H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b infection in Macaques
Kyle Rosenke[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 1 [/SUP], Amanda Giffin[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 1 [/SUP], Franziska Kaiser[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ekaterina Altynova[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Reshma Mukesh[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Meaghan Flagg[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Thomas Tipih[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kerry Goldin[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Arthur Wickenhagen[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Brandi N Williamson[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Shane Gallogly[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Shanna S Leventhal[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Tessa Lutterman[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Atsushi Okumura[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Matthew C Lewis[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kishore Kanakabandi[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Craig Martens[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Kwe C Yinda[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Deepashri Rao[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Brian J Smith[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Carl Shaia[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Greg Saturday[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Patrick Hanley[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Neeltje van Doremalen[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Emmie de Wit[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Vincent J Munster[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Heinz Feldmann[SUP] 6 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 39814072
- DOI: 10.1038/s41586-025-08609-8
Since early 2022 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus infections have been reported in wild aquatic birds and poultry throughout the United States (US) with spillover into several mammalian species[SUP]1-6[/SUP]. In March 2024, HPAIV H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b was first detected in dairy cows in Texas, US and continues to circulate on dairy farms in multiple states[SUP]7,8[/SUP]. Milk production and quality are diminished in infected dairy cows, with high virus titers in milk raising concerns of exposure to mammals including humans through consumption[SUP]9-12[/SUP]. Here we investigated routes of infection with bovine HPAIV H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b in cynomolgus macaques, a surrogate model for human infection[SUP]13[/SUP]. We show that intranasal or intratracheal inoculation of macaques could cause systemic infection resulting in mild and severe respiratory disease, respectively. In contrast, infection by the orogastric route resulted in limited infection and seroconversion of macaques which remained subclinical.