tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Open Forum Infect Dis
. 2024 Feb 23;11(4)
fae102.
doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofae102. eCollection 2024 Apr. COVID-19 Immunologic Antiviral Therapy With Omalizumab (CIAO)-a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Michelle Le[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Lauren Khoury[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Yang Lu[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Connor Prosty[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Maxime Cormier[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Mathew P Cheng[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Robert Fowler[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Srinivas Murthy[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Jennifer L Y Tsang[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Moshe Ben-Shoshan[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Elham Rahme[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Shirin Golchi[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Nandini Dendukuri[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Todd C Lee[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Elena Netchiporouk[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Background: Omalizumab is an anti-immunoglobulin E monoclonal antibody used to treat moderate to severe chronic idiopathic urticaria, asthma, and nasal polyps. Recent research suggested that omalizumab may enhance the innate antiviral response and have anti-inflammatory properties.
Objective: We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of omalizumab in adults hospitalized for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia.
Methods: This was a phase II randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial comparing omalizumab with placebo (in addition to standard of care) in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. The primary endpoint was the composite of mechanical ventilation and/or death at day 14. Secondary endpoints included all-cause mortality at day 28, time to clinical improvement, and duration of hospitalization.
Results: Of 41 patients recruited, 40 were randomized (20 received the study drug and 20 placebo). The median age of the patients was 74 years and 55.0% were male. Omalizumab was associated with a 92.6% posterior probability of a reduction in mechanical ventilation and death on day 14 with an adjusted odds ratio of 0.11 (95% credible interval 0.002-2.05). Omalizumab was also associated with a 75.9% posterior probability of reduced all-cause mortality on day 28 with an adjusted odds ratio of 0.49 (95% credible interval, 0.06-3.90). No statistically significant differences were found for the time to clinical improvement and duration of hospitalization. Numerically fewer adverse events were reported in the omalizumab group and there were no drug-related serious adverse events.
Conclusions: These results suggest that omalizumab could prove protective against death and mechanical ventilation in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. This study could also support the development of a phase III trial program investigating the antiviral and anti-inflammatory effect of omalizumab for severe respiratory viral illnesses requiring hospital admission. ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04720612.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV2; acute respiratory distress syndrome; coronavirus; omalizumab.
. 2024 Feb 23;11(4)
fae102.doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofae102. eCollection 2024 Apr. COVID-19 Immunologic Antiviral Therapy With Omalizumab (CIAO)-a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Michelle Le[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Lauren Khoury[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Yang Lu[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Connor Prosty[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Maxime Cormier[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Mathew P Cheng[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Robert Fowler[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Srinivas Murthy[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Jennifer L Y Tsang[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Moshe Ben-Shoshan[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Elham Rahme[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Shirin Golchi[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Nandini Dendukuri[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Todd C Lee[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Elena Netchiporouk[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 38560604
- PMCID: PMC10977629
- DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofae102
Background: Omalizumab is an anti-immunoglobulin E monoclonal antibody used to treat moderate to severe chronic idiopathic urticaria, asthma, and nasal polyps. Recent research suggested that omalizumab may enhance the innate antiviral response and have anti-inflammatory properties.
Objective: We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of omalizumab in adults hospitalized for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia.
Methods: This was a phase II randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial comparing omalizumab with placebo (in addition to standard of care) in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. The primary endpoint was the composite of mechanical ventilation and/or death at day 14. Secondary endpoints included all-cause mortality at day 28, time to clinical improvement, and duration of hospitalization.
Results: Of 41 patients recruited, 40 were randomized (20 received the study drug and 20 placebo). The median age of the patients was 74 years and 55.0% were male. Omalizumab was associated with a 92.6% posterior probability of a reduction in mechanical ventilation and death on day 14 with an adjusted odds ratio of 0.11 (95% credible interval 0.002-2.05). Omalizumab was also associated with a 75.9% posterior probability of reduced all-cause mortality on day 28 with an adjusted odds ratio of 0.49 (95% credible interval, 0.06-3.90). No statistically significant differences were found for the time to clinical improvement and duration of hospitalization. Numerically fewer adverse events were reported in the omalizumab group and there were no drug-related serious adverse events.
Conclusions: These results suggest that omalizumab could prove protective against death and mechanical ventilation in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. This study could also support the development of a phase III trial program investigating the antiviral and anti-inflammatory effect of omalizumab for severe respiratory viral illnesses requiring hospital admission. ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04720612.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV2; acute respiratory distress syndrome; coronavirus; omalizumab.