tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Open Forum Infect Dis
. 2021 Aug 2;8(9)
fab359.
doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofab359. eCollection 2021 Sep.
Defective Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Immune Responses in an Immunocompromised Individual With Prolonged Viral Replication
Claire L Gordon[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Olivia C Smibert[SUP] 1 3 4 [/SUP], Natasha E Holmes[SUP] 1 5 [/SUP], Kyra Y L Chua[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Morgan Rose[SUP] 1 [/SUP], George Drewett[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Fiona James[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Effie Mouhtouris[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Thi H O Nguyen[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Wuji Zhang[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Lukasz Kedzierski[SUP] 2 6 [/SUP], Louise C Rowntree[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Brendon Y Chua[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Leon Caly[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Mike G Catton[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Julian Druce[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Michelle Sait[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Torsten Seemann[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Norelle L Sherry[SUP] 1 8 [/SUP], Benjamin P Howden[SUP] 1 8 [/SUP], Katherine Kedzierska[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Jason C Kwong[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Jason A Trubiano[SUP] 1 3 4 9 10 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
We describe severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific immune responses in a patient with lymphoma and recent programmed death 1 (PD-1) inhibitor therapy with late onset of severe coronavirus disease 2019 disease and prolonged SARS-CoV-2 replication, in comparison to age-matched and immunocompromised controls. High levels of HLA-DR[SUP]+[/SUP]/CD38[SUP]+[/SUP] activation, interleukin 6, and interleukin 18 in the absence of B cells and PD-1 expression was observed. SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody responses were absent and SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells were minimally detected. This case highlights challenges in managing immunocompromised hosts who may fail to mount effective virus-specific immune responses.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; cellular immunity; humoral immunity; immunocompromise; lymphoma.
. 2021 Aug 2;8(9)
fab359.doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofab359. eCollection 2021 Sep.
Defective Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Immune Responses in an Immunocompromised Individual With Prolonged Viral Replication
Claire L Gordon[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Olivia C Smibert[SUP] 1 3 4 [/SUP], Natasha E Holmes[SUP] 1 5 [/SUP], Kyra Y L Chua[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Morgan Rose[SUP] 1 [/SUP], George Drewett[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Fiona James[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Effie Mouhtouris[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Thi H O Nguyen[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Wuji Zhang[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Lukasz Kedzierski[SUP] 2 6 [/SUP], Louise C Rowntree[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Brendon Y Chua[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Leon Caly[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Mike G Catton[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Julian Druce[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Michelle Sait[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Torsten Seemann[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Norelle L Sherry[SUP] 1 8 [/SUP], Benjamin P Howden[SUP] 1 8 [/SUP], Katherine Kedzierska[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Jason C Kwong[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Jason A Trubiano[SUP] 1 3 4 9 10 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 34514016
- PMCID: PMC8419740
- DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofab359
Abstract
We describe severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific immune responses in a patient with lymphoma and recent programmed death 1 (PD-1) inhibitor therapy with late onset of severe coronavirus disease 2019 disease and prolonged SARS-CoV-2 replication, in comparison to age-matched and immunocompromised controls. High levels of HLA-DR[SUP]+[/SUP]/CD38[SUP]+[/SUP] activation, interleukin 6, and interleukin 18 in the absence of B cells and PD-1 expression was observed. SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody responses were absent and SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells were minimally detected. This case highlights challenges in managing immunocompromised hosts who may fail to mount effective virus-specific immune responses.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; cellular immunity; humoral immunity; immunocompromise; lymphoma.