tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
PLoS One
. 2023 Sep 8;18(9):e0277388.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277388. eCollection 2023. Vitamin D deficiency and SARS‑CoV‑2 infection: A retrospective case-Control study with big-data analysis covering March 2020 to March 2021
Marta Neira Álvarez[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Gema Navarro Jiménez[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Noemi Anguita Sánchez[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Mª Del Mar Bermejo Olano[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Rocio Queipo[SUP] 4 [/SUP], María Benavent Núñez[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Alejandro Parralejo Jimenez[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Guillermo López Yepes[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Carmen Sáez Nieto[SUP] 6 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Background: Vitamin D may have immunomodulatory functions, and might therefore play a role in the pathogenesis of acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. However, no conclusive evidence exists regarding its impact on the prevalence of this infection, the associated course of disease, or prognosis.
Objective: To study the association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and vitamin D deficiency in patients attending a tertiary university hospital, and to examine the clinical course of infection and prognosis for these patients.
Methods: This non-interventional, retrospective study, which involved big-data analysis and employed artificial intelligence to capture data from free text in the electronic health records of patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2, was undertaken at a tertiary university hospital in Madrid, Spain, between March 2020 and March 2021. The variables recorded were vitamin D deficiency, sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, course of disease, and prognosis.
Results: Of the 143,157 patients analysed, 36,261 had SARS-CoV-2 infection (25.33%) during the study period, among whom 2,588 (7.14%) had a vitamin D deficiency. Among these latter patients, women (OR 1.45 [95%CI 1.33-1.57]), adults over 80 years of age (OR 2.63 [95%CI 2.38-2.91]), people living in nursing homes (OR 2.88 [95%CI 2.95-3.45]), and patients with walking dependence (OR 3.45 [95%CI 2.85-4.26]) appeared in higher proportion. After adjusting for confounding factors, a higher proportion of subjects with SARS-CoV-2 plus vitamin D deficiency required hospitalisation (OR 1.38 [95%CI 1.26-1.51]), and had a longer mean hospital stay (3.94 compared to 2.19 days in those with normal levels; P = 0.02).
Conclusion: A low serum 25(OH) vitamin D concentration in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection is significantly associated with a greater risk of hospitalisation and a longer hospital stay. Among such patients, higher proportions of institutionalised and dependent people over 80 years of age were detected.
. 2023 Sep 8;18(9):e0277388.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277388. eCollection 2023. Vitamin D deficiency and SARS‑CoV‑2 infection: A retrospective case-Control study with big-data analysis covering March 2020 to March 2021
Marta Neira Álvarez[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Gema Navarro Jiménez[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Noemi Anguita Sánchez[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Mª Del Mar Bermejo Olano[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Rocio Queipo[SUP] 4 [/SUP], María Benavent Núñez[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Alejandro Parralejo Jimenez[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Guillermo López Yepes[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Carmen Sáez Nieto[SUP] 6 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 37682843
- PMCID: PMC10490842
- DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277388
Background: Vitamin D may have immunomodulatory functions, and might therefore play a role in the pathogenesis of acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. However, no conclusive evidence exists regarding its impact on the prevalence of this infection, the associated course of disease, or prognosis.
Objective: To study the association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and vitamin D deficiency in patients attending a tertiary university hospital, and to examine the clinical course of infection and prognosis for these patients.
Methods: This non-interventional, retrospective study, which involved big-data analysis and employed artificial intelligence to capture data from free text in the electronic health records of patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2, was undertaken at a tertiary university hospital in Madrid, Spain, between March 2020 and March 2021. The variables recorded were vitamin D deficiency, sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, course of disease, and prognosis.
Results: Of the 143,157 patients analysed, 36,261 had SARS-CoV-2 infection (25.33%) during the study period, among whom 2,588 (7.14%) had a vitamin D deficiency. Among these latter patients, women (OR 1.45 [95%CI 1.33-1.57]), adults over 80 years of age (OR 2.63 [95%CI 2.38-2.91]), people living in nursing homes (OR 2.88 [95%CI 2.95-3.45]), and patients with walking dependence (OR 3.45 [95%CI 2.85-4.26]) appeared in higher proportion. After adjusting for confounding factors, a higher proportion of subjects with SARS-CoV-2 plus vitamin D deficiency required hospitalisation (OR 1.38 [95%CI 1.26-1.51]), and had a longer mean hospital stay (3.94 compared to 2.19 days in those with normal levels; P = 0.02).
Conclusion: A low serum 25(OH) vitamin D concentration in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection is significantly associated with a greater risk of hospitalisation and a longer hospital stay. Among such patients, higher proportions of institutionalised and dependent people over 80 years of age were detected.