tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Expert Rev Vaccines. 2019 Oct 2. doi: 10.1080/14760584.2019.1675519. [Epub ahead of print] [h=1]Pre-existing influenza specific immunity and vaccine effectiveness.[/h]
Jang H[SUP]1[/SUP], Ross TM[SUP]1,[/SUP][SUP]2[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h] 1 Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia , Athens , GA , USA. 2 Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia , Athens , GA , USA.
[h=3]Abstract[/h] Introduction: High variance is associated with influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE). Accumulating evidence suggests that preexisting influenza-specific immunity results in the variance in VE and skews overall immune response to vaccination. Nevertheless, the investigation of preexisting immunity is highly limited due to the lack of proper methodology to explore the complex individual immune history. Areas Covered: Retrospective observational studies have shown that the pre-existing influenza specific immunity influences on VE. To simplify a discussion, we summarized important findings from the observational studies based on the transition of the individual immune history: the first exposure to influenza virus, the first vaccination, and repetitive exposure throughout life. We also discussed the prospectus of pre-immunized animal models to investigate the interaction between preexisting immunity and vaccine efficacy. Expert opinion: A better understanding in the underlying mechanisms on preexisting immunity is critical to improve VE and to help develop novel vaccine strategies. Using animals pre-immunized with historical influenza strains is a promising approach to verify the underlying immunologic mechanism of interaction between preexisting immunity and vaccine antigen. Also, pre-immunized animal models will be better able to evaluate the efficacy of novel vaccine strategies than na?ve animals.
[h=4]KEYWORDS:[/h] Seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness; immune imprinting; interference among repeated vaccinations; pre-existing influenza specific-immunity; pre-immune animal model
PMID: 31575308 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2019.1675519
Jang H[SUP]1[/SUP], Ross TM[SUP]1,[/SUP][SUP]2[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h] 1 Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia , Athens , GA , USA. 2 Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia , Athens , GA , USA.
[h=3]Abstract[/h] Introduction: High variance is associated with influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE). Accumulating evidence suggests that preexisting influenza-specific immunity results in the variance in VE and skews overall immune response to vaccination. Nevertheless, the investigation of preexisting immunity is highly limited due to the lack of proper methodology to explore the complex individual immune history. Areas Covered: Retrospective observational studies have shown that the pre-existing influenza specific immunity influences on VE. To simplify a discussion, we summarized important findings from the observational studies based on the transition of the individual immune history: the first exposure to influenza virus, the first vaccination, and repetitive exposure throughout life. We also discussed the prospectus of pre-immunized animal models to investigate the interaction between preexisting immunity and vaccine efficacy. Expert opinion: A better understanding in the underlying mechanisms on preexisting immunity is critical to improve VE and to help develop novel vaccine strategies. Using animals pre-immunized with historical influenza strains is a promising approach to verify the underlying immunologic mechanism of interaction between preexisting immunity and vaccine antigen. Also, pre-immunized animal models will be better able to evaluate the efficacy of novel vaccine strategies than na?ve animals.
[h=4]KEYWORDS:[/h] Seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness; immune imprinting; interference among repeated vaccinations; pre-existing influenza specific-immunity; pre-immune animal model
PMID: 31575308 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2019.1675519