tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2012 Aug 31. [Epub ahead of print]
Residual viral and bacterial contamination of surfaces after cleaning and disinfection.
Tuladhar E, Hazeleger WC, Koopmans M, Zwietering MH, Beumer RR, Duizer E.
Source
Laboratory for Infectious Diseases and Screening, Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, the Netherlands.
Abstract
Environmental surfaces contaminated with pathogens can be sources for indirect transmission, and cleaning and disinfection are common interventions focused on reducing contamination levels. We determined efficacy of cleaning and disinfection procedures for reducing contamination by noroviruses, rotavirus, poliovirus, parechovirus, adenovirus, influenza virus, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella enterica from artificially contaminated stainless steel surfaces. After a single wipe with water, liquid soap or 250 ppm free chlorine solution, the numbers of infective viruses and bacteria were reduced by 1log(10) for poliovirus to close to 4 log(10) for influenza virus. There was no significant difference in residual contamination after wiping with water, liquid soap or 250 ppm chlorine solution.When a single wipe with liquid soap was followed by a second wipe using 250 or 1000 ppm chlorine, an extra 1 to 3 log(10) reduction was achieved and, except for rotavirus and norovirus genogroup I, no significant additional effect of 1000 ppm compared to 250 ppm was found. A reduced correlation between reduction in PCRU and reduction in infectious particles suggests that at least part of the reduction achieved in the second step is due to inactivation instead of removal alone. We used data on infectious doses and transfer efficiencies to estimate a target level to which the residual contamination should be reduced and found that a single wipe with liquid soap followed by a wipe with 250 ppm free chlorine solution was sufficient to reduce the residual contamination to below the target level for most of the pathogens tested.
PMID:
22941071
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22941071
Residual viral and bacterial contamination of surfaces after cleaning and disinfection.
Tuladhar E, Hazeleger WC, Koopmans M, Zwietering MH, Beumer RR, Duizer E.
Source
Laboratory for Infectious Diseases and Screening, Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, the Netherlands.
Abstract
Environmental surfaces contaminated with pathogens can be sources for indirect transmission, and cleaning and disinfection are common interventions focused on reducing contamination levels. We determined efficacy of cleaning and disinfection procedures for reducing contamination by noroviruses, rotavirus, poliovirus, parechovirus, adenovirus, influenza virus, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella enterica from artificially contaminated stainless steel surfaces. After a single wipe with water, liquid soap or 250 ppm free chlorine solution, the numbers of infective viruses and bacteria were reduced by 1log(10) for poliovirus to close to 4 log(10) for influenza virus. There was no significant difference in residual contamination after wiping with water, liquid soap or 250 ppm chlorine solution.When a single wipe with liquid soap was followed by a second wipe using 250 or 1000 ppm chlorine, an extra 1 to 3 log(10) reduction was achieved and, except for rotavirus and norovirus genogroup I, no significant additional effect of 1000 ppm compared to 250 ppm was found. A reduced correlation between reduction in PCRU and reduction in infectious particles suggests that at least part of the reduction achieved in the second step is due to inactivation instead of removal alone. We used data on infectious doses and transfer efficiencies to estimate a target level to which the residual contamination should be reduced and found that a single wipe with liquid soap followed by a wipe with 250 ppm free chlorine solution was sufficient to reduce the residual contamination to below the target level for most of the pathogens tested.
PMID:
22941071
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22941071