tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Rom J Intern Med
. 2022 Jan 8.
doi: 10.2478/rjim-2021-0040. Online ahead of print.
COVID-19: a trigger for severe thrombotic microangiopathy in a patient with complement gene variant
Larisa Pinte[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Bogdan Marian Sorohan[SUP] 3 2 [/SUP], Zoltán Prohászka[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Mihaela Gherghiceanu[SUP] 2 5 [/SUP], Cristian Băicuş[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
The evidence regarding thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) related to Coronavirus Infectious Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients with complement gene mutations as a cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) are limited. We presented a case of a 23-year-old male patient admitted with an asymptomatic form of COVID-19, but with uncontrolled hypertension and AKI. Kidney biopsy showed severe lesions of TMA. In evolution patient had persistent microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, decreased level of haptoglobin and increased LDH level. Decreased complement C3 level and the presence of schistocytes were found for the first time after biopsy. Kidney function progressively decreased and the patient remained hemodialysis dependent. Complement work-up showed a heterozygous variant with unknown significance in complement factor I (CFI) c.-13G>A, affecting the 5' UTR region of the gene. In addition, the patient was found to be heterozygous for the complement factor H (CFH) H3 haplotype (involving the rare alleles of c.-331C>T, Q672Q and E936D polymorphisms) reported as a risk factor of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. This case of AKI associated with severe TMA and secondary hemolytic uremic syndrome highlights the importance of genetic risk modifiers in the alternative pathway dysregulation of the complement in the setting of COVID-19, even in asymptomatic forms.
Keywords: COVID-19; acute kidney injury; complement; thrombotic microangiopathy.
. 2022 Jan 8.
doi: 10.2478/rjim-2021-0040. Online ahead of print.
COVID-19: a trigger for severe thrombotic microangiopathy in a patient with complement gene variant
Larisa Pinte[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Bogdan Marian Sorohan[SUP] 3 2 [/SUP], Zoltán Prohászka[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Mihaela Gherghiceanu[SUP] 2 5 [/SUP], Cristian Băicuş[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 34997957
- DOI: 10.2478/rjim-2021-0040
Abstract
The evidence regarding thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) related to Coronavirus Infectious Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients with complement gene mutations as a cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) are limited. We presented a case of a 23-year-old male patient admitted with an asymptomatic form of COVID-19, but with uncontrolled hypertension and AKI. Kidney biopsy showed severe lesions of TMA. In evolution patient had persistent microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, decreased level of haptoglobin and increased LDH level. Decreased complement C3 level and the presence of schistocytes were found for the first time after biopsy. Kidney function progressively decreased and the patient remained hemodialysis dependent. Complement work-up showed a heterozygous variant with unknown significance in complement factor I (CFI) c.-13G>A, affecting the 5' UTR region of the gene. In addition, the patient was found to be heterozygous for the complement factor H (CFH) H3 haplotype (involving the rare alleles of c.-331C>T, Q672Q and E936D polymorphisms) reported as a risk factor of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. This case of AKI associated with severe TMA and secondary hemolytic uremic syndrome highlights the importance of genetic risk modifiers in the alternative pathway dysregulation of the complement in the setting of COVID-19, even in asymptomatic forms.
Keywords: COVID-19; acute kidney injury; complement; thrombotic microangiopathy.