tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Sci Rep
. 2024 Oct 9;14(1):23579.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-75093-x. Biochemical rationale for transfusion of high titre COVID-19 convalescent plasma
Caro Verbrugghe[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Elise Wouters[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Rosalie Devloo[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Visa Nurmi[SUP] 3 4 [/SUP], Sabrina Seghers[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Dominique De Bleser[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Heli Harvala[SUP] 6 7 8 [/SUP], Veerle Compernolle[SUP] 1 2 5 9 [/SUP], Hendrik B Feys[SUP] 10 11 12 [/SUP]
Affiliations
We aimed to model binding of donor antibodies to virus that infects COVID-19 patients following transfusion of convalescent plasma (CCP). An immunosorbent assay was developed to determine apparent affinity (K[SUB]d, app[/SUB]). Antibody binding to virus was modelled using antibody concentration and estimations of viral load. Assay and model were validated using reference antibodies and clinical data of monoclonal antibody therapy. A single K[SUB]d, app[/SUB] or two resolvable K[SUB]d, app[/SUB] were found for IgG in 11% or 89% of CCP donations, respectively. For IgA this was 50%-50%. Median IgG K[SUB]d, app[/SUB] was 0.8nM and 3.6nM for IgA, ranging from 0.1-14.7nM and 0.2-156.0nM respectively. The median concentration of IgG was 44.0nM (range 8.4-269.0nM) and significantly higher than IgA at 2.0nM (range 0.4-11.4nM). The model suggested that a double CCP transfusion (i.e. 500 mL) allows for > 80% binding of antibody to virus provided K[SUB]d, app[/SUB] was < 1nM and concentration > 150nM. In our cohort from the pre-vaccination era, 4% of donations fulfilled these criteria. Low and mid-range viral loads are found early post exposure, suggesting that convalescent plasma will be most effective then. This study provides a biochemical rationale for selecting high affinity and high antibody concentration CCP transfused early in the disease course.
Keywords: Affinity; COVID-19; Convalescent plasma; SARS-CoV-2; Transfusion.
. 2024 Oct 9;14(1):23579.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-75093-x. Biochemical rationale for transfusion of high titre COVID-19 convalescent plasma
Caro Verbrugghe[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Elise Wouters[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Rosalie Devloo[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Visa Nurmi[SUP] 3 4 [/SUP], Sabrina Seghers[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Dominique De Bleser[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Heli Harvala[SUP] 6 7 8 [/SUP], Veerle Compernolle[SUP] 1 2 5 9 [/SUP], Hendrik B Feys[SUP] 10 11 12 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 39384892
- DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-75093-x
We aimed to model binding of donor antibodies to virus that infects COVID-19 patients following transfusion of convalescent plasma (CCP). An immunosorbent assay was developed to determine apparent affinity (K[SUB]d, app[/SUB]). Antibody binding to virus was modelled using antibody concentration and estimations of viral load. Assay and model were validated using reference antibodies and clinical data of monoclonal antibody therapy. A single K[SUB]d, app[/SUB] or two resolvable K[SUB]d, app[/SUB] were found for IgG in 11% or 89% of CCP donations, respectively. For IgA this was 50%-50%. Median IgG K[SUB]d, app[/SUB] was 0.8nM and 3.6nM for IgA, ranging from 0.1-14.7nM and 0.2-156.0nM respectively. The median concentration of IgG was 44.0nM (range 8.4-269.0nM) and significantly higher than IgA at 2.0nM (range 0.4-11.4nM). The model suggested that a double CCP transfusion (i.e. 500 mL) allows for > 80% binding of antibody to virus provided K[SUB]d, app[/SUB] was < 1nM and concentration > 150nM. In our cohort from the pre-vaccination era, 4% of donations fulfilled these criteria. Low and mid-range viral loads are found early post exposure, suggesting that convalescent plasma will be most effective then. This study provides a biochemical rationale for selecting high affinity and high antibody concentration CCP transfused early in the disease course.
Keywords: Affinity; COVID-19; Convalescent plasma; SARS-CoV-2; Transfusion.