tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Sci Transl Med
. 2024 Oct 23;16(770):eadp8920.
doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adp8920. Epub 2024 Oct 23. SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.5 mRNA booster vaccination elicits limited mucosal immunity
Ninaad Lasrado[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Marjorie Rowe[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Katherine McMahan[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Nicole P Hachmann[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jessica Miller[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Catherine Jacob-Dolan[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jinyan Liu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Brookelynne Verrette[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kristin A Gotthardt[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Darren M Ty[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Juliana Pereira[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Camille R Mazurek[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Amelia Hoyt[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ai-Ris Y Collier[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Dan H Barouch[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Current COVID-19 vaccines provide robust protection against severe disease but minimal protection against acquisition of infection. Intramuscularly administered COVID-19 vaccines induce robust serum neutralizing antibodies (NAbs), but their ability to boost mucosal immune responses remains to be determined. In this study, we show that the XBB.1.5 messenger RNA (mRNA) boosters result in increased serum neutralization to multiple severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants in humans, including the dominant circulating variant JN.1. In contrast, we found that the XBB.1.5 mRNA booster did not augment mucosal NAbs or mucosal IgA responses, although acute SARS-CoV-2 XBB infection substantially increased mucosal antibody responses. These data demonstrate that current XBB.1.5 mRNA boosters substantially enhance peripheral antibody responses but do not robustly increase mucosal antibody responses. Our data highlight a separation between the peripheral and mucosal immune systems in humans and emphasize the importance of developing next-generation vaccines to augment mucosal immunity to protect against respiratory virus infections.
. 2024 Oct 23;16(770):eadp8920.
doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adp8920. Epub 2024 Oct 23. SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.5 mRNA booster vaccination elicits limited mucosal immunity
Ninaad Lasrado[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Marjorie Rowe[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Katherine McMahan[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Nicole P Hachmann[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jessica Miller[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Catherine Jacob-Dolan[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jinyan Liu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Brookelynne Verrette[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kristin A Gotthardt[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Darren M Ty[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Juliana Pereira[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Camille R Mazurek[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Amelia Hoyt[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ai-Ris Y Collier[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Dan H Barouch[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 39441905
- DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adp8920
Current COVID-19 vaccines provide robust protection against severe disease but minimal protection against acquisition of infection. Intramuscularly administered COVID-19 vaccines induce robust serum neutralizing antibodies (NAbs), but their ability to boost mucosal immune responses remains to be determined. In this study, we show that the XBB.1.5 messenger RNA (mRNA) boosters result in increased serum neutralization to multiple severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants in humans, including the dominant circulating variant JN.1. In contrast, we found that the XBB.1.5 mRNA booster did not augment mucosal NAbs or mucosal IgA responses, although acute SARS-CoV-2 XBB infection substantially increased mucosal antibody responses. These data demonstrate that current XBB.1.5 mRNA boosters substantially enhance peripheral antibody responses but do not robustly increase mucosal antibody responses. Our data highlight a separation between the peripheral and mucosal immune systems in humans and emphasize the importance of developing next-generation vaccines to augment mucosal immunity to protect against respiratory virus infections.