tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Vaccine. 2014 Mar 25. pii: S0264-410X(14)00194-7. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.02.021. [Epub ahead of print]
Systematic evaluation of in vitro and in vivo adventitious virus assays for the detection of viral contamination of cell banks and biological products.
Gombold J1, Karakasidis S1, Niksa P1, Podczasy J1, Neumann K1, Richardson J2, Sane N2, Johnson-Leva R2, Randolph V3, Sadoff J4, Minor P5, Schmidt A6, Duncan P7, Sheets RL8.
Author information
Abstract
Viral vaccines and the cell substrates used to manufacture them are subjected to tests for adventitious agents, including viruses, which might contaminant them. Some of the compendial methods (in vivo and in vitro in cell culture) were established in the mid-20th century. These methods have not been subjected to current assay validation, as new methods would need to be. This study was undertaken to provide insight into the breadth (selectivity) and sensitivity (limit of detection) of the routine methods, two such validation parameters. Sixteen viral stocks were prepared and characterized. These stocks were tested in serial dilutions by the routine methods to establish which viruses were detected by which methods and above what limit of detection. Sixteen out of sixteen viruses were detected in vitro, though one (bovine viral diarrhea virus) required special conditions to detect and another (rubella virus) was detected with low sensitivity. Many were detected at levels below 1 TCID50 or PFU (titers were established on the production cell line in most cases). In contrast, in vivo, only 6/11 viruses were detected, and 4 of these were detected only at amounts one or more logs above 1 TCID50 or PFU. Only influenza virus and vesicular stomatitis virus were detected at lower amounts in vivo than in vitro. Given the call to reduce, refine, or replace (3Rs) the use of animals in product safety testing and the emergence of new technologies for the detection of viruses, a re-examination of the current adventitious virus testing strategies seems warranted. Suggested pathways forward are offered.
Published by Elsevier Ltd.
KEYWORDS:
3Rs, Adventitious agents, In vitro, In vivo, Vaccines, Viral safety
PMID:
24681273
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24681273
Systematic evaluation of in vitro and in vivo adventitious virus assays for the detection of viral contamination of cell banks and biological products.
Gombold J1, Karakasidis S1, Niksa P1, Podczasy J1, Neumann K1, Richardson J2, Sane N2, Johnson-Leva R2, Randolph V3, Sadoff J4, Minor P5, Schmidt A6, Duncan P7, Sheets RL8.
Author information
Abstract
Viral vaccines and the cell substrates used to manufacture them are subjected to tests for adventitious agents, including viruses, which might contaminant them. Some of the compendial methods (in vivo and in vitro in cell culture) were established in the mid-20th century. These methods have not been subjected to current assay validation, as new methods would need to be. This study was undertaken to provide insight into the breadth (selectivity) and sensitivity (limit of detection) of the routine methods, two such validation parameters. Sixteen viral stocks were prepared and characterized. These stocks were tested in serial dilutions by the routine methods to establish which viruses were detected by which methods and above what limit of detection. Sixteen out of sixteen viruses were detected in vitro, though one (bovine viral diarrhea virus) required special conditions to detect and another (rubella virus) was detected with low sensitivity. Many were detected at levels below 1 TCID50 or PFU (titers were established on the production cell line in most cases). In contrast, in vivo, only 6/11 viruses were detected, and 4 of these were detected only at amounts one or more logs above 1 TCID50 or PFU. Only influenza virus and vesicular stomatitis virus were detected at lower amounts in vivo than in vitro. Given the call to reduce, refine, or replace (3Rs) the use of animals in product safety testing and the emergence of new technologies for the detection of viruses, a re-examination of the current adventitious virus testing strategies seems warranted. Suggested pathways forward are offered.
Published by Elsevier Ltd.
KEYWORDS:
3Rs, Adventitious agents, In vitro, In vivo, Vaccines, Viral safety
PMID:
24681273
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24681273