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Tanzania: 2015 Cholera - US CDC Issues Travel Advisory: Watch Level One - October 30, 2015

Ronan Kelly

Ronan Kelly

Retired 2020
CHOLERA OUTBREAK IN KIGOMA KILLS 3, ADMITTS 10
Jun 26, 2015Source: Pesa Times

Kigoma: At least three people have died and ten admitted in Gungu Health Centre in Kalagu village, Kigoma after eruption of cholera.
Regional Medical Officer, Dr Leonard Subi told reporters on Thursday that influx of refugees from Burundi had lead to the outbreak.
...
The outbreak started on May 10 where 4,662 confirmed cholera cases and 34 deaths have been reported. According to the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, among these are 129 cases and 3 deaths among Tanzanians, mainly in Kagunga village, Kigoma urban and Karago village.
...
http://pesatimes.co.tz/news/health/cholera-outbreak-in-kigoma-kills-3--admitts-10/tanzania/
 
Source: http://en.trend.az/world/other/2425155.html


Cholera kills 4 in Tanzania
18 August 2015, 05:48 (GMT+05:00)

The number of people killed by cholera in Tanzania's commercial capital Dar es Salaam rose from one to four on Monday, Xinhua reported.

Kinondoni municipal health authorities said the number of patients admitted to hospitals increased from six as of Monday.

However, the medical authorities said they were trying to establish the source of the outbreak the deadly disease...
 
Source: http://www.voanews.com/content/world-health-organization-who-tanzania-cholera-epidemic/2936285.html


WHO: Tanzania Cholera Epidemic Worsens
Lisa Schlein
August 28, 2015 11:52 AM

GENEVA?

The World Health Organization and Tanzanian Ministry of Health are stepping up efforts to contain and discover the source of a cholera epidemic that so far has killed eight people and infected more than 400 others.

WHO data indicates the fast-spreading epidemic broke out in the Dar es Salaam and Morogoro regions nearly two weeks ago; the Dar es Salaam region has been most adversely affected with 354 cases and seven deaths...
 
Source: http://www.globalpost.com/article/6664389/2015/10/07/cholera-outbreak-kills-54-tanzania-un

Cholera outbreak kills 54 in Tanzania: UN
Xinhua News Agency
on Oct 7, 2015 @ 1:40 PM

DAR ES SALAAM, Oct. 7 (Xinhua) -- An ongoing cholera outbreak starting in Tanzania's commercial capital Dar es Salaam has killed 54 people since August, the United Nations (UN) said in a report released on Wednesday in the east African nation.

Latest figures from the report also show that 3,559 others were suspected or confirmed to have contracted the disease...
 
Cholera ? United Republic of Tanzania

Disease Outbreak News
21 October 2015

The Ministry of Health and Social Welfare (MOHSW) of the United Republic of Tanzania has notified WHO of new foci of cholera outbreaks in the country. As of 13 October, 13 regions have been affected, namely Dar es Salaam, Morogoro, Pwani, Kigoma, Kilimanjaro, Iringa, Dodoma, Geita, Mara, Singida, Shinyaga, Mwanza and Zanzibar. As of 19 October, the cumulative number of cases is 4,835 cases, including 68 deaths. The region of Dar es Salam accounts for 72% of all reported cases (3,460). Zanzibar has reported 140 cases.

Public health response

The national task force led by the MOHSW continues to carry out activities aimed at controlling the outbreak. Water sanitation measures have been implemented alongside health education campaigns. The MOHSW, WHO, the US Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and the Field Epidemiology Program have joined forces to enhance surveillance and ensure a timely, coordinated response to alerts from the field.

WHO and partners have provided support to the MOHSW in the establishment of five treatment centres in Dar es Salaam and Morogoro. To support risk assessment and response activities, WHO has deployed two public health experts who will assist in coordinating a multisectoral response that integrates surveillance, case management, and social mobilization along with water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) interventions at the national and sub-national levels.

WHO-AFRO has deployed a WASH expert to conduct a situational analysis, provide technical guidance and leadership on key WASH issues, and contribute to the development of an effective response that includes WASH as part of a multipronged approach. In this endeavour, the expert is working closely with partner organizations, such as UNICEF, as well as environmental health focal points in headquarters and the regional office.

Together with partner institutions in the Global Outbreak Alert and Response Network (GOARN), WHO is coordinating the deployment of international technical staff to support national response operations. WHO-AFRO has been requested to identify additional technical experts in public health event management, epidemiology, clinical case management, logistics, WASH, social mobilisation and data management.

WHO advice

WHO does not recommend any travel or trade restriction to the United Republic of Tanzania based on the current information available.

http://www.who.int/csr/don/21-october-2015-cholera/en/
 
Cholera in Tanzania


Watch Level One - Practice Usual Precautions

Watch - Level 1, Practice Usual Precautions
Watch - Level 1, Practice Usual Precautions


What is the current situation?

As of October 15, 2015, Tanzania has reported 4,407 cholera cases and 68 deaths. The regions affected include Dar es Salaam, Morogoro, Pwani, Kigoma, Kilimanjaro, Iringa, Dodoma, Geita, Mara, Singida, Shinyaga, Mwanza and Zanzibar. The city most affected is Dar es Salaam.
CDC recommends that travelers to Tanzania practice good hand washing and follow food and water precautions.

What is cholera?

Cholera is a bacterial disease that is most often spread by eating contaminated food or drinking contaminated water. Water is contaminated by the feces (stool) of an infected person or by untreated sewage. Food may be contaminated by using water containing cholera bacteria or by a person whose hands are contaminated with the cholera bacteria.
Often people have mild illness or no symptoms. However, about one in 20 (5%) infected people will have severe disease characterized by profuse watery diarrhea, vomiting, and leg cramps. In these people, rapid loss of body fluids leads to dehydration and shock. Without treatment, death can occur within hours.

What can travelers do to prevent cholera?

Travelers can protect themselves by following food and water precautions. The risk of cholera is very low for people visiting areas with cholera. When simple precautions are observed, contracting the disease is unlikely.
  • Drink only bottled, boiled, or chemically treated water and bottled or canned carbonated beverages. When using bottled drinks, make sure that the seal has not been broken.
    • To disinfect your own water, boil for 1 minute or filter the water and add 2 drops of household bleach or ? an iodine tablet per liter of water.
    • Avoid tap water, fountain drinks, and ice cubes.
  • Wash your hands often with soap and clean water.
  • If no water and soap are available, use an alcohol-based hand cleaner (with at least 60% alcohol).
    • Clean your hands, especially before you eat or prepare food and after using the bathroom.
  • Use bottled, boiled, or chemically treated water to wash dishes, brush your teeth, wash and prepare food, or make ice.
  • Eat foods that are packaged or that are freshly cooked and served hot.
    • Do not eat raw and undercooked meats and seafood or unpeeled fruits and vegetables.
  • Dispose of feces in a sanitary manner to prevent contamination of water and food sources
Traveler Information
Clinician Information




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http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices/...olera-tanzania
 
Source: http://www.who.int/csr/don/26-novemb...a-tanzania/en/
Cholera – United Republic of Tanzania

Disease Outbreak News
26 November 2015

The Ministry of Health and Social Welfare (MOHSW) of Tanzania has notified WHO of additional laboratory-confirmed cases of cholera. Across the country, at least 9,871 cases have been reported, including 150 deaths.
As of 25 November, the following regions had reported cases: Dar es Salaam (4,482 cases), Tanga (1,398 cases), Singida (861 cases), Mwanza (504 cases), Mara (436 cases), Kigoma (353 cases), Dodoma (284 cases), Morogoro (248 cases), Arusha (239 cases), Pwani (222 cases), Kagera (128 cases), Shinyanga (96 cases), Lindi (78 cases), Geita (48 cases), Rukwa (28 cases), Manyara (25 cases), Tabora (12 cases), Iringa (2 cases) and Kilimanjaro (2 cases).
As of 23 November, Zanzibar had reported 425 cases of infection, including 9 deaths. The two affected islands, Unguja and Pemba, had reported 223 and 202 cases respectively.
The number of daily reported cases is declining. However, the upcoming rainy season and the strongest forecasted El Ni?o event in twenty years could bring extensive flooding and unusually high rainfalls, and increase the transmission and international spread of the disease. In 1997, similar meteorological conditions were associated with the biggest ever cholera epidemic, with over 40,000 cases in Tanzania alone.
Public health response

The national task force activated by the MOHSW continues to manage the outbreak. Through different sub-committees (surveillance, laboratory, case management, social mobilization, logistics, water and sanitation) and with the support of WHO HQ and the WHO regional office for Africa (WHO-AFRO) alongside other partners, the country is implementing rigorous control measures.
Through the Global Outbreak Alert and Response Network (GOARN), technical experts from the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR, B) have been deployed to provide assistance with a number of activities, including coordination, surveillance, case management, water and sanitation improvement, health promotion and social mobilization, and establishment and operationalization of the emergency operation center.
The consolidation of a national response plan is in the final stages. Residual chlorine testing and water chlorination are being implemented to improve the access to safe water. A total of 25 supervisors have been trained for the coordination of the house-to-house social mobilization activities. Rapid assessment has been conducted in the affected regions to identify predisposing factors, needs and gaps. Actions are ongoing to identify newly affected areas as well as trends, and to respond to alerts from the field in a timely and coordinated manner. WHO and partners continue to work to provide additional skilled human resources to the country for the effective management of the outbreak.
WHO advice

WHO does not recommend any travel or trade restriction to Tanzania based on the current information available.
 
Source: http://allafrica.com/stories/201511301647.html

30 November 2015
The Citizen (Dar es Salaam)
Tanzania: Pupil Dies as Cholera Hits Kyela District
By Lauden Mwambona and Ipyana Samson

Kyela ? A Standard Four pupil in Kyela District, Mbeya Region, has died and six other people are hospitalised following the outbreak of cholera in the district.

Mbeya Regional Medical Officer Seif Mhina confirmed the death yesterday, saying the outbreak of the disease was first reported at Ilima Village near Kiwira Coal Mines...
 
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