tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Clin Virol. 2015 Dec 19;75:21-26. doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2015.12.004. [Epub ahead of print]
[h=1]The role of influenza, RSV and other common respiratory viruses in severe acute respiratory infections and influenza-like illness in a population with a high HIV sero-prevalence, South Africa 2012-2015.[/h] Pretorius MA[SUP]1[/SUP], Tempia S[SUP]2[/SUP], Walaza S[SUP]3[/SUP], Cohen AL[SUP]2[/SUP], Moyes J[SUP]4[/SUP], Variava E[SUP]5[/SUP], Dawood H[SUP]6[/SUP], Seleka M[SUP]3[/SUP], Hellferscee O[SUP]3[/SUP], Treurnicht F[SUP]3[/SUP], Cohen C[SUP]4[/SUP], Venter M[SUP]7[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h]
[h=3]Abstract[/h] [h=4]BACKGROUND:[/h] Viruses detected in patients with acute respiratory infections may be the cause of illness or asymptomatic shedding.
[h=4]OBJECTIVE:[/h] To estimate the attributable fraction (AF) and the detection rate attributable to illness for each of the different respiratory viruses STUDY DESIGN: We compared the prevalence of 10 common respiratory viruses (influenza A and B viruses, parainfluenza virus 1-3; respiratory syncytial virus (RSV); adenovirus, rhinovirus, human metapneumovirus (hMPV) and enterovirus) in both HIV positive and negative patients hospitalized with severe acute respiratory illness (SARI), outpatients with influenza-like illness (ILI), and control subjects who did not report any febrile, respiratory or gastrointestinal illness during 2012-2015 in South Africa.
[h=4]RESULTS:[/h] We enrolled 1959 SARI, 3784 ILI and 1793 controls with a HIV sero-prevalence of 26%, 30% and 43%, respectively. Influenza virus (AF: 86.3%; 95%CI: 77.7-91.6%), hMPV (AF: 85.6%; 95%CI: 72.0-92.6%), and RSV (AF: 83.7%; 95%CI: 77.5-88.2%) infections were associated with severe disease., while rhinovirus (AF: 46.9%; 95%CI: 37.6-56.5%) and adenovirus (AF: 36.4%; 95%CI: 20.6-49.0%) were only moderately associated.
[h=4]CONCLUSIONS:[/h] Influenza, RSV and hMPV can be considered pathogens if detected in ILI and SARI while rhinovirus and adenovirus were commonly identified in controls suggesting that they may cause only a proportion of clinical disease observed in positive patients. Nonetheless, they may be important contributors to disease.
Copyright ? 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
[h=4]KEYWORDS:[/h] Controls; Disease association; HIV; Influenza like illness; Pneumonia; Respiratory virus infection; Severe acute respiratory illness; South Africa
PMID: 26741826 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
[h=1]The role of influenza, RSV and other common respiratory viruses in severe acute respiratory infections and influenza-like illness in a population with a high HIV sero-prevalence, South Africa 2012-2015.[/h] Pretorius MA[SUP]1[/SUP], Tempia S[SUP]2[/SUP], Walaza S[SUP]3[/SUP], Cohen AL[SUP]2[/SUP], Moyes J[SUP]4[/SUP], Variava E[SUP]5[/SUP], Dawood H[SUP]6[/SUP], Seleka M[SUP]3[/SUP], Hellferscee O[SUP]3[/SUP], Treurnicht F[SUP]3[/SUP], Cohen C[SUP]4[/SUP], Venter M[SUP]7[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h]
[h=3]Abstract[/h] [h=4]BACKGROUND:[/h] Viruses detected in patients with acute respiratory infections may be the cause of illness or asymptomatic shedding.
[h=4]OBJECTIVE:[/h] To estimate the attributable fraction (AF) and the detection rate attributable to illness for each of the different respiratory viruses STUDY DESIGN: We compared the prevalence of 10 common respiratory viruses (influenza A and B viruses, parainfluenza virus 1-3; respiratory syncytial virus (RSV); adenovirus, rhinovirus, human metapneumovirus (hMPV) and enterovirus) in both HIV positive and negative patients hospitalized with severe acute respiratory illness (SARI), outpatients with influenza-like illness (ILI), and control subjects who did not report any febrile, respiratory or gastrointestinal illness during 2012-2015 in South Africa.
[h=4]RESULTS:[/h] We enrolled 1959 SARI, 3784 ILI and 1793 controls with a HIV sero-prevalence of 26%, 30% and 43%, respectively. Influenza virus (AF: 86.3%; 95%CI: 77.7-91.6%), hMPV (AF: 85.6%; 95%CI: 72.0-92.6%), and RSV (AF: 83.7%; 95%CI: 77.5-88.2%) infections were associated with severe disease., while rhinovirus (AF: 46.9%; 95%CI: 37.6-56.5%) and adenovirus (AF: 36.4%; 95%CI: 20.6-49.0%) were only moderately associated.
[h=4]CONCLUSIONS:[/h] Influenza, RSV and hMPV can be considered pathogens if detected in ILI and SARI while rhinovirus and adenovirus were commonly identified in controls suggesting that they may cause only a proportion of clinical disease observed in positive patients. Nonetheless, they may be important contributors to disease.
Copyright ? 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
[h=4]KEYWORDS:[/h] Controls; Disease association; HIV; Influenza like illness; Pneumonia; Respiratory virus infection; Severe acute respiratory illness; South Africa
PMID: 26741826 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]