tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Infect Dis. 2019 Jan 31. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiy666. [Epub ahead of print]
[h=1]The way forward: Potentiating protective immunity to novel and pandemic influenza through engagement of memory CD4 T cells.[/h] Sant AJ[SUP]1[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h]
[h=3]Abstract[/h] Events in recent years have made it clear that potentially pandemic strains of influenza regularly pose a threat to human populations. Therefore, it is essential that we develop better strategies to enhance vaccine design and to predict those strains that will be most likely to spread from human-to-human. CD4 T cells are a central component of protective immunity to influenza virus infection, acting both by potentiating responses of other lymphoid cells and by direct mediation of protective immunity. Animal models have revealed many discrete functions of CD4 T cell immunity to influenza viruses. However, because humans have a complex immunological history with influenza, they have a highly diverse influenza-specific CD4 T cell repertoire with regard to their stimulation history, specificity and functionality. These complexities in the influenza-specific CD4 T cell repertoire in humans constitute a formidable obstacle to predicting protective immune responses to potentially pandemic strains of influenza, and in devising optimal vaccine strategies to potentiate these responses. We suggest that more precise efforts to identify and enumerate both the positive and negative contributors of immunity in the CD4 T cell compartment will aid significantly in achievement of these goals and consider vaccination strategies that will poise humans to be more effectively positioned to respond to pandemic influenza threats.
PMID: 30715376 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiy666
[h=1]The way forward: Potentiating protective immunity to novel and pandemic influenza through engagement of memory CD4 T cells.[/h] Sant AJ[SUP]1[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h]
[h=3]Abstract[/h] Events in recent years have made it clear that potentially pandemic strains of influenza regularly pose a threat to human populations. Therefore, it is essential that we develop better strategies to enhance vaccine design and to predict those strains that will be most likely to spread from human-to-human. CD4 T cells are a central component of protective immunity to influenza virus infection, acting both by potentiating responses of other lymphoid cells and by direct mediation of protective immunity. Animal models have revealed many discrete functions of CD4 T cell immunity to influenza viruses. However, because humans have a complex immunological history with influenza, they have a highly diverse influenza-specific CD4 T cell repertoire with regard to their stimulation history, specificity and functionality. These complexities in the influenza-specific CD4 T cell repertoire in humans constitute a formidable obstacle to predicting protective immune responses to potentially pandemic strains of influenza, and in devising optimal vaccine strategies to potentiate these responses. We suggest that more precise efforts to identify and enumerate both the positive and negative contributors of immunity in the CD4 T cell compartment will aid significantly in achievement of these goals and consider vaccination strategies that will poise humans to be more effectively positioned to respond to pandemic influenza threats.
PMID: 30715376 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiy666