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Tonga: 2019/2020 Measles

Shiloh

Shiloh

Editor, Senior Moderator
Source: https://www.rnz.co.nz/international/pacific-news/401637/measles-spreads-to-tonga-from-new-zealand


Measles spreads to Tonga from New Zealand
43 minutes ago

Tonga's government has declared a measles outbreak that is linked to the New Zealand epidemic.

Tonga's chief medical officer of Public Health said Wednesday's declaration was made after laboratory tests found 68 measles cases in Tonga.

Dr Reynold Ofanoa said contact tracing and history taking from measles patients revealed the virus was spread from New Zealand.

"Majority of the cases that we had initially were members of a national rugby team," Dr Ofanoa said.

"Players visited New Zealand from our schools to play some games during the month of September, and then the first case contracted the disease while in New Zealand."...
 
Source: https://matangitonga.to/2019/11/26/high-measles-vaccination-rate-saves-tongans-fatalities

High measles vaccination rate saves Tongans from fatalities
Tuesday, November 26, 2019 - 18:31
Nuku'alofa, Tonga

y Eleanor Gee

Tonga’s high MR vaccination rate of 99 percent has so far saved Tongans from rising measles related fatalities that neighbouring Samoa is experiencing, as health professionals continue to fight the epidemic.

Tonga’s Ministry of Health CEO Dr Siale ‘Akauola told Matangi Tonga today, 26 November, that the high vaccination rate was due to many years of dedicated work by public health nurses and doctors working together with the community to achieve this outcome.

“I wish to name few people who were very active and set the high standards required in this area in the past, people like Sister Pisila Sovaleni, Sister Sela Paasi and Dr Tilitili Puloka.”

“Now we have Dr Reynold Ofanoa and Sister Afu Tei continuing on doing their best to sustain the high vaccination coverage for the public,” he said.

Although measles are still affecting those already vaccinated, Dr 'Akauola confirmed the symptoms were mild because of the vaccinations.

Measles cases increase

As of 19 November, 310 cases of confirmed or suspected measles had been identified in Tonga according to the latest Health Situation Report dated 20 November.

While 272 cases were recorded in Tongatapu and 38 cases in Vava’u, measles has now spread to ‘Eua with two cases confirmed and one in Ha’apai. In Niuatoputapu, there is one suspected case.

Measles continues to mostly affect those aged 10-24 years....
 
Source: http://outbreaknewstoday.com/tonga-measles-outbreak-grows-1st-outbreak-since-2010/


Tonga measles outbreak grows, 1st outbreak since 2010
by News Desk
November 28, 2019

The outbreak of measles in Tonga began in early October 2019, following the return of a squad of Tongan rugby players from New Zealand.

The Tonga Ministry of Health declared a measles outbreak on October 22. The last outbreak of measles in Tonga was in 2010.

In an update on the measles outbreak in Tonga, 84 additional confirmed or suspected measles cases were reported in the past week, bringing the total from 310 on November 19 to 394 cases on November 26.

344 (87%) of cases have occurred on the main island of Tongatapu, where the outbreak began. The smaller outbreak on Vava’u has a total of 44 (11%) cases. Additionally, 5 cases of rash illness have occurred in children on the island of ‘Eua, while a single case of rash illness has occurred in a child on the island of Ha’apai...
 
Source: https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/SITREP8_Measles_Tonga_04122019_final.pdf

...Current Situation
As a t02December 2019, 440cases of confirmed or suspected measles have been identified in Tonga, including 46 additional cases since SITREP7. All 46 of the cases from the past week have been from the main island ofTongatapu, meaning 390(89%) cases in total have occurred onTongatapu, where the outbreak began. No further cases have been reported from any other island since SITREP7. Given that the duration of illness is typically less than 2 weeks, it is estimatedthat at least 70% of the 440 reported measles cases will have already recovered from their illnesses...
 
Source: https://reliefweb.int/report/tonga/tonga-measles-outbreak-2019-situation-report-10

Tonga Measles Outbreak 2019 - Situation Report #10
Report from Government of Tonga
Published on 18 Dec 2019

In Summary:

As of 15 December 2019, there have been 564 confirmed or suspected cases since October 2019 (the beginning of the outbreak). Majority (90%) of the cases are from Tongatapu, the main island.

Cases generally have been mild with 12 hospital admissions since the start of the outbreak, there have been no deaths reported...
 
Source: https://matangitonga.to/2019/12/20/new-measles-cases-start-decline

New measles cases start to decline
Thursday, December 19, 2019 - 14:47. Updated on Friday, December 20, 2019 - 14:15.
Nuku'alofa, Tonga

The number of people contracting measles has started to decline with fewer new cases being reported.

The Ministry of Health said 14 new measles cases were reported this past week, with 10 from Tongatapu and 4 from Vava‘u.

This is much less than the 37 new measles cases reported two weeks ago and 46 the week prior.

The Ministry’s situation report stated that as of 15 December 2019, there were 564 confirmed or suspected cases of measles identified in Tonga since the start of the outbreak in October...
 
Source: https://reliefweb.int/report/tonga/tonga-measles-outbreak-2019-situation-report-11

Tonga Measles Outbreak 2019 - Situation Report #11
Report
from Government of Tonga
Published on 26 Dec 2019

...2. Current Situation

Since the last situation report, 18 new measles cases with onset dates in the last week were reported in Tonga, including 16 cases from the main Island of Tongatapu and 2 cases from Vava’u Island. The cases were 9 males and 9 females respectively and were aged between 5 months and 21 years. The cases did not require hospitalizations. Other cases received within the last week but with earlier onset dates have been included in the cumulative figures and analysed below.

As of 23 December 2019, 596 confirmed or suspected cases of measles have been identified in Tonga. The majority 523 (87.8%) cases in total have occurred on Tongatapu and 63 (10.5%) have occurred on Vava’u Island. Cases have been reported to be mild with 15 hospitalizations with no deaths. The majority of the cases have been managed in home isolation. Given that the duration of illness is typically less than 2 weeks, it is estimated that at least 93% of the 596 reported measles cases will have already recovered from their illnesses

Figure 1 (below) shows the epidemic curve for the current outbreak in Tonga. Most of cases (blue) were reported from the Island of Tongatapu.

Figure 2 demonstrates the breakdown of cases by sex. Consistent with early transmission through male boarding schools, most cases have been among males, with the proportion of cases among females increasing as the outbreak progressed. A total of 94 cases have occurred in children aged less than 5 years, while cases among adolescents and young people continue to form the majority of the cases in this outbreak, with 468 (79%) cases occurring in people aged 10 to 24 years (Table 1 and Figure 3).
 
Source: https://reliefweb.int/report/tonga/tonga-measles-outbreak-2019-20-situation-report-12

Tonga Measles Outbreak 2019-20 - Situation Report #12
Report from Government of Tonga
Published on 02 Jan 2020
Download PDF (522.24 KB)

... Current Situation

There is ongoing transmission on the Islands of Tongatapu and Vava’u; the last case onsets on Ha’apai, ‘Eua, and Niuatoputapu islands were 14/12/2019, 08/12/2019, 14/11/2019, respectively.
Since the last situation report, 16 new measles cases with onset dates in the last week were reported in Tonga, including 13 cases from the main Island of Tongatapu and 3 cases from Vava’u Island. They were 10 males and 6 females between the ages of 6 months and 23 years old.

As of 31 December 2019, 612 confirmed or suspected cases of measles have been identified in Tonga. The majority 534 (87.2%) cases have occurred on Tongatapu and 66 (10.7%) have occurred on Vava’u Island. Case presentations have been reported to be mild with 18 hospitalisations and no death. The majority of the cases have been managed by home isolation and all patients have been discharged. Given the duration of illness is typically less than 2 weeks, it is estimated that at least 96% of the 612 reported Measles cases will have already recovered from their illnesses.

Figure 1 (below) shows the epidemic curve for the current outbreak in Tonga. Most of cases (blue) were reported from the Island of Tongatapu.

Figure 2 demonstrates the breakdown of cases by sex. Consistent with early transmission through male boarding schools, most cases have been among males, with the proportion of cases among females increasing as the outbreak progressed. A total of 96 cases have occurred in children aged less than 5 years, while cases among adolescents and young people continue to form the majority of the cases in this outbreak, with 482 (79%) cases occurring in people aged 10 to 24 years (Table 1 and Figure 3)...
 
Source: https://reliefweb.int/report/tonga/tonga-measles-outbreak-2019-20-situation-report-13

Tonga Measles Outbreak 2019-20 - Situation Report #13
Report from Government of Tonga
Published on 10 Jan 2020

...Current Situation

There is ongoing transmission on the Islands of Tongatapu and Vava’u; the last case onsets on Ha’apai, ‘Eua, and Niuatoputapu island were 14/12/2019, 08/12/2019, 14/11/2019, respectively [Table 1]. Since the last situation report, 6 new measles case-patients were reported in Tongatapu and Vava’u and 12 cases were added retrospectively to the cumulative number of cases. They were 14 males and 4 females between the ages of 2 months and 22 years old.

As of 9 Jan 2020, 630 confirmed or suspected cases of measles have been identified in Tonga including 43 labconfirmed cases. The majority, 545 (87.8%) cases have occurred on Tongatapu, and 65 (10.3 %) have occurred on Vava’u Island. Case presentations have been reported to be mild with 19 hospitalisations and no death. The majority of the cases have been managed by home isolation and all patients have been discharged. Given the duration of illness is typically less than 2 weeks, it is estimated that at least 99% of the 630 reported measles cases will have already recovered from their illnesses...
 
Source: https://reliefweb.int/report/tonga/tonga-measles-outbreak-2019-20-situation-report-14

Tonga Measles Outbreak 2019-20 - Situation Report #14
Report from Government of Tonga
Published on 17 Jan 2020

...Current Situation

There is ongoing transmission on the Islands of Tongatapu and Vava’u; the last case onsets on Ha’apai, ‘Eua, and Niuatoputapu islands were 14/12/2019, 08/12/2019, 14/11/2019, respectively [Table 1].
Since the last situation report, 6 new measles case-patients were reported in Tongatapu and 3 cases were added retrospectively to the cumulative number of cases. They were 7 males and 2 females between the ages of 6 months and 19 years old.
As of 16 Jan 2020, 639 confirmed or suspected cases of measles have been identified in Tonga including 52 labconfirmed cases. The majority, 561 (87.8%) cases have occurred on Tongatapu, and 66 (10.3 %) have occurred on Vava’u Island. Case presentations have been reported to be mild with 20 hospitalisations and no death. The majority of the cases have been managed by home isolation and all patients have been discharged. Given the duration of illness is typically less than 2 weeks, it is estimated that at least 99% of the 639 reported measles cases will have already recovered from their illnesses...
 
Source: https://reliefweb.int/report/tonga/tonga-measles-outbreak-2019-20-situation-report-16

Tonga Measles Outbreak 2019-20 - Situation Report #16
Report from Government of Tonga
Published on 30 Jan 2020

...Current Situation

As of 29 Jan 2020, 652 confirmed or suspected cases of measles have been reported in Tonga including 72 labconfirmed cases. Of these, 574 (88.0%) cases occurred on Tongatapu and 66 (10.1 %) occurred on Vava’u Island. Cases have mostly presented with mild symptoms. Till date there have been twenty (20) hospitalisations (none since 25-December-2019), and all cases have been discharged. No deaths have been reported till date. Majority cases have been managed by home isolation.

There is ongoing transmission of measles virus in Tongatapu and Vava’u. Onset of illness for most recent case in Tongatapu was 20 Jan 2020. Onset of illness for last reported case in Vava’u was 8 Jan 2020 (14 days todate). Islands of Ha’apai, Eua and Niuas have interrupted transmission (Table 1).

Between 23rd and 29th January 2020, five additional cases were reported, including two cases which were included retrospectively. All cases are from the island of Tongatapu. The three new cases were in one female (12yo), and two siblings living in the same household (a 21yo male and 16yo female). Vaccination status is pending verification...
 
Source: https://reliefweb.int/report/tonga/tonga-measles-outbreak-2019-20-situation-report-18

Tonga Measles Outbreak 2019-20 - Situation Report #18
Report from Government of Tonga
Published on 13 Feb 2020

...Current Situation

As of 12 th February 2020, 659 confirmed and suspected cases of measles have been reported in Tonga. Till date, 98 specimens have been tested for measles, of which 78 (79.6%) have been PCR laboratory confirmed.

Of 659 cases, 581 (88.1%) cases occurred on Tongatapu and 66 (10.1 %) occurred on Vava’u Island. Figure 1 shows the epidemic curve for the current outbreak in Tonga.

Ongoing transmission of measles virus in Tongatapu and Vava’u. Onset of illness for most recent case in Tongatapu was 7 th February 2020. Onset of illness for last reported case in Vava’u was 8 Jan 2020 (36 days todate). Islands of Ha’apai, Eua and Niuas have interrupted transmission (Table 1).

Between 6th February and 12th February (7 days), three (3) new cases were reported. All reported cases were from the island of Tongatapu. Of the three new cases, one case is in an infant aged 6 months (male) whose mother was a suspect case in the previous epidemiological week. The infant is currently hospitalised and is stable.

Till date there are 21 hospitalisations (one new hospitalisation this week)...
 
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