tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Transl Psychiatry
. 2021 Sep 30;11(1):499.
doi: 10.1038/s41398-021-01629-8.
Neuropsychiatric manifestations of COVID-19, potential neurotropic mechanisms, and therapeutic interventions
Ying Han[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kai Yuan[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Zhe Wang[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Wei-Jian Liu[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Zheng-An Lu[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Lin Liu[SUP] 1 3 [/SUP], Le Shi[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Wei Yan[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Jun-Liang Yuan[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Jia-Li Li[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jie Shi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Zhong-Chun Liu[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Gao-Hua Wang[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Thomas Kosten[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Yan-Ping Bao[SUP] 6 7 [/SUP], Lin Lu[SUP] 8 9 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused large-scale economic and social losses and worldwide deaths. Although most COVID-19 patients have initially complained of respiratory insufficiency, the presence of neuropsychiatric manifestations is also reported frequently, ranging from headache, hyposmia/anosmia, and neuromuscular dysfunction to stroke, seizure, encephalopathy, altered mental status, and psychiatric disorders, both in the acute phase and in the long term. These neuropsychiatric complications have emerged as a potential indicator of worsened clinical outcomes and poor prognosis, thus contributing to mortality in COVID-19 patients. Their etiology remains largely unclear and probably involves multiple neuroinvasive pathways. Here, we summarize recent animal and human studies for neurotrophic properties of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and elucidate potential neuropathogenic mechanisms involved in the viral invasion of the central nervous system as a cause for brain damage and neurological impairments. We then discuss the potential therapeutic strategy for intervening and preventing neuropsychiatric complications associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Time-series monitoring of clinical-neurochemical-radiological progress of neuropsychiatric and neuroimmune complications need implementation in individuals exposed to SARS-CoV-2. The development of a screening, intervention, and therapeutic framework to prevent and reduce neuropsychiatric sequela is urgently needed and crucial for the short- and long-term recovery of COVID-19 patients.
. 2021 Sep 30;11(1):499.
doi: 10.1038/s41398-021-01629-8.
Neuropsychiatric manifestations of COVID-19, potential neurotropic mechanisms, and therapeutic interventions
Ying Han[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kai Yuan[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Zhe Wang[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Wei-Jian Liu[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Zheng-An Lu[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Lin Liu[SUP] 1 3 [/SUP], Le Shi[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Wei Yan[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Jun-Liang Yuan[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Jia-Li Li[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jie Shi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Zhong-Chun Liu[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Gao-Hua Wang[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Thomas Kosten[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Yan-Ping Bao[SUP] 6 7 [/SUP], Lin Lu[SUP] 8 9 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 34593760
- DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01629-8
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused large-scale economic and social losses and worldwide deaths. Although most COVID-19 patients have initially complained of respiratory insufficiency, the presence of neuropsychiatric manifestations is also reported frequently, ranging from headache, hyposmia/anosmia, and neuromuscular dysfunction to stroke, seizure, encephalopathy, altered mental status, and psychiatric disorders, both in the acute phase and in the long term. These neuropsychiatric complications have emerged as a potential indicator of worsened clinical outcomes and poor prognosis, thus contributing to mortality in COVID-19 patients. Their etiology remains largely unclear and probably involves multiple neuroinvasive pathways. Here, we summarize recent animal and human studies for neurotrophic properties of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and elucidate potential neuropathogenic mechanisms involved in the viral invasion of the central nervous system as a cause for brain damage and neurological impairments. We then discuss the potential therapeutic strategy for intervening and preventing neuropsychiatric complications associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Time-series monitoring of clinical-neurochemical-radiological progress of neuropsychiatric and neuroimmune complications need implementation in individuals exposed to SARS-CoV-2. The development of a screening, intervention, and therapeutic framework to prevent and reduce neuropsychiatric sequela is urgently needed and crucial for the short- and long-term recovery of COVID-19 patients.