tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Emerg Infect Dis. 2018 Oct;24(10):1840-1848. doi: 10.3201/eid2410.171891.
[h=1]Transmission Dynamics of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus A(H5Nx) Clade 2.3.4.4, North America, 2014-2015.[/h] Lee DH, Torchetti MK, Hicks J, Killian ML, Bahl J, Pantin-Jackwood M, Swayne DE.
[h=3]Abstract[/h] Eurasia highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5 clade 2.3.4.4 emerged in North America at the end of 2014 and caused outbreaks affecting >50 million poultry in the United States before eradication in June 2015. We investigated the underlying ecologic and epidemiologic processes associated with this viral spread by performing a comparative genomic study using 268 full-length genome sequences and data from outbreak investigations. Reassortant HPAIV H5N2 circulated in wild birds along the Pacific flyway before several spillover events transmitting the virus to poultry farms. Our analysis suggests that >3 separate introductions of HPAIV H5N2 into Midwest states occurred during March-June 2015; transmission to Midwest poultry farms from Pacific wild birds occurred ≈1.7-2.4 months before detection. Once established in poultry, the virus rapidly spread between turkey and chicken farms in neighboring states. Enhanced biosecurity is required to prevent the introduction and dissemination of HPAIV across the poultry industry.
[h=4]KEYWORDS:[/h] Canada; Eurasian H5; H5N2; H5N8; Midwest; Mississippi flyway; North America; Pacific flyway; USA; United States; avian influenza; chicken; clade 2.3.4.4; commercial poultry; epidemiology; highly pathogenic avian influenza virus; respiratory infections; surveillance; transmission; turkey; viruses; wild birds; zoonoses
PMID: 30226167 DOI: 10.3201/eid2410.171891
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[h=1]Transmission Dynamics of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus A(H5Nx) Clade 2.3.4.4, North America, 2014-2015.[/h] Lee DH, Torchetti MK, Hicks J, Killian ML, Bahl J, Pantin-Jackwood M, Swayne DE.
[h=3]Abstract[/h] Eurasia highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5 clade 2.3.4.4 emerged in North America at the end of 2014 and caused outbreaks affecting >50 million poultry in the United States before eradication in June 2015. We investigated the underlying ecologic and epidemiologic processes associated with this viral spread by performing a comparative genomic study using 268 full-length genome sequences and data from outbreak investigations. Reassortant HPAIV H5N2 circulated in wild birds along the Pacific flyway before several spillover events transmitting the virus to poultry farms. Our analysis suggests that >3 separate introductions of HPAIV H5N2 into Midwest states occurred during March-June 2015; transmission to Midwest poultry farms from Pacific wild birds occurred ≈1.7-2.4 months before detection. Once established in poultry, the virus rapidly spread between turkey and chicken farms in neighboring states. Enhanced biosecurity is required to prevent the introduction and dissemination of HPAIV across the poultry industry.
[h=4]KEYWORDS:[/h] Canada; Eurasian H5; H5N2; H5N8; Midwest; Mississippi flyway; North America; Pacific flyway; USA; United States; avian influenza; chicken; clade 2.3.4.4; commercial poultry; epidemiology; highly pathogenic avian influenza virus; respiratory infections; surveillance; transmission; turkey; viruses; wild birds; zoonoses
PMID: 30226167 DOI: 10.3201/eid2410.171891
Free full text