tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Vaccine
. 2023 Dec 16:S0264-410X(23)01380-4.
doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.11.036. Online ahead of print. Comparing performance of year-round and campaign-mode influenza vaccination strategies among children aged 6-23 months in Kenya: 2019-2021
Jeanette Dawa[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Rose Jalang'o[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Harriet Mirieri[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Rosalia Kalani[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Doris Marwanga[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Kathryn E Lafond[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Mary Margaret Muriuki[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Joyce Ejoi[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Faith Chiguba[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Shem Patta[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Patrick Amoth[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Emmanuel Okunga[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Collins Tabu[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Sandra S Chaves[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Malembe S Ebama[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Philip Muthoka[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Virginia Njenga[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Elizabeth Kiptoo[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Isaac Jewa[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Raphael Mwanyamawi[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Joseph Bresee[SUP] 10 [/SUP], M Kariuki Njenga[SUP] 11 [/SUP], Eric Osoro[SUP] 11 [/SUP], Lucy Mecca[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Gideon O Emukule[SUP] 9 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Introduction: In 2016, the Kenya National Immunization Technical Advisory Group requested additional programmatic and cost effectiveness data to inform the choice of strategy for a national influenza vaccination program among children aged 6-23 months of age. In response, we conducted an influenza vaccine demonstration project to compare the performance of a year-round versus campaign-mode vaccination strategy. Findings from this demonstration project will help identify essential learning lessons for a national program.
Methods: We compared two vaccine delivery strategies: (i) a year-round vaccination strategy where influenza vaccines were administered throughout the year at health facilities. This strategy was implemented in Njoro sub-county in Nakuru (November 2019 to October 2021) and Jomvu sub-county in Mombasa (December 2019 to October 2021), (ii) a campaign-mode vaccination strategy where vaccines were available at health facilities over four months. This strategy was implemented in Nakuru North sub-county in Nakuru (June to September 2021) and Likoni sub-county in Mombasa (July to October 2021). We assessed differences in coverage, dropout rates, vaccine wastage, and operational needs.
Results: We observed similar performance between strategies in coverage of the first dose of influenza vaccine (year-round strategy 59.7 %, campaign strategy 63.2 %). The coverage obtained in the year-round sub-counties was similar (Njoro 57.4 %; Jomvu 63.1 %); however, more marked differences between campaign sub-counties were observed (Nakuru North 73.4 %; Likoni 55.2 %). The campaign-mode strategy exceeded the cold chain capacity of participating health facilities, requiring thrice monthly instead of once monthly deliveries, and was associated with a two-fold increase in workload compared to the year-round strategy (168 vaccines administered per day in the campaign strategy versus 83 vaccines administered per day in the year-round strategy).
Conclusion: Although both strategies had similar coverage levels, the campaign-mode strategy was associated with considerable operational needs that could significantly impact the immunization program.
Keywords: Coverage; Infants; Influenza vaccine; Policy; Program; Strategy; Target population.
. 2023 Dec 16:S0264-410X(23)01380-4.
doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.11.036. Online ahead of print. Comparing performance of year-round and campaign-mode influenza vaccination strategies among children aged 6-23 months in Kenya: 2019-2021
Jeanette Dawa[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Rose Jalang'o[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Harriet Mirieri[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Rosalia Kalani[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Doris Marwanga[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Kathryn E Lafond[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Mary Margaret Muriuki[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Joyce Ejoi[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Faith Chiguba[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Shem Patta[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Patrick Amoth[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Emmanuel Okunga[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Collins Tabu[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Sandra S Chaves[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Malembe S Ebama[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Philip Muthoka[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Virginia Njenga[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Elizabeth Kiptoo[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Isaac Jewa[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Raphael Mwanyamawi[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Joseph Bresee[SUP] 10 [/SUP], M Kariuki Njenga[SUP] 11 [/SUP], Eric Osoro[SUP] 11 [/SUP], Lucy Mecca[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Gideon O Emukule[SUP] 9 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 38105140
- DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.11.036
Introduction: In 2016, the Kenya National Immunization Technical Advisory Group requested additional programmatic and cost effectiveness data to inform the choice of strategy for a national influenza vaccination program among children aged 6-23 months of age. In response, we conducted an influenza vaccine demonstration project to compare the performance of a year-round versus campaign-mode vaccination strategy. Findings from this demonstration project will help identify essential learning lessons for a national program.
Methods: We compared two vaccine delivery strategies: (i) a year-round vaccination strategy where influenza vaccines were administered throughout the year at health facilities. This strategy was implemented in Njoro sub-county in Nakuru (November 2019 to October 2021) and Jomvu sub-county in Mombasa (December 2019 to October 2021), (ii) a campaign-mode vaccination strategy where vaccines were available at health facilities over four months. This strategy was implemented in Nakuru North sub-county in Nakuru (June to September 2021) and Likoni sub-county in Mombasa (July to October 2021). We assessed differences in coverage, dropout rates, vaccine wastage, and operational needs.
Results: We observed similar performance between strategies in coverage of the first dose of influenza vaccine (year-round strategy 59.7 %, campaign strategy 63.2 %). The coverage obtained in the year-round sub-counties was similar (Njoro 57.4 %; Jomvu 63.1 %); however, more marked differences between campaign sub-counties were observed (Nakuru North 73.4 %; Likoni 55.2 %). The campaign-mode strategy exceeded the cold chain capacity of participating health facilities, requiring thrice monthly instead of once monthly deliveries, and was associated with a two-fold increase in workload compared to the year-round strategy (168 vaccines administered per day in the campaign strategy versus 83 vaccines administered per day in the year-round strategy).
Conclusion: Although both strategies had similar coverage levels, the campaign-mode strategy was associated with considerable operational needs that could significantly impact the immunization program.
Keywords: Coverage; Infants; Influenza vaccine; Policy; Program; Strategy; Target population.