tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Gen Virol. 2016 Oct 18. doi: 10.1099/jgv.0.000627. [Epub ahead of print]
[h=1]Viral-Bacterial interactions in the respiratory tract.[/h] Bellinghausen C[SUP]1[/SUP], Rohde GG[SUP]2[/SUP], Savelkoul PH[SUP]3[/SUP], Wouters EF[SUP]4[/SUP], Stassen FR[SUP]5[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h]
[h=3]Abstract[/h] In the respiratory tract, viruses and bacteria can interact on multiple levels. It is well known that respiratory viruses, particularly influenza viruses, increase the susceptibility to secondary bacterial infections. Numerous mechanisms, including compromised physical and immunological barriers, and changes in the microenvironment have hereby been shown to contribute to the development of secondary bacterial infections. In contrast, our understanding of how bacteria shape a response to subsequent viral infection is still limited. There is emerging evidence that persistent infection (or colonization) of the lower respiratory tract with potential pathogenic bacteria, as observed in diseases like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or cystic fibrosis (CF), modulates subsequent viral infections by increasing viral entry receptors and modulating the inflammatory response. Moreover, recent studies suggest that even healthy lungs are not, as had long been assumed, sterile. The composition of the lung microbiome may thus modulate responses to viral infections. Here we summarize the current knowledge on the co-pathogenesis between viruses and bacteria in lower respiratory tract (LRT) infections.
PMID: 27902340 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000627
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
[h=1]Viral-Bacterial interactions in the respiratory tract.[/h] Bellinghausen C[SUP]1[/SUP], Rohde GG[SUP]2[/SUP], Savelkoul PH[SUP]3[/SUP], Wouters EF[SUP]4[/SUP], Stassen FR[SUP]5[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h]
[h=3]Abstract[/h] In the respiratory tract, viruses and bacteria can interact on multiple levels. It is well known that respiratory viruses, particularly influenza viruses, increase the susceptibility to secondary bacterial infections. Numerous mechanisms, including compromised physical and immunological barriers, and changes in the microenvironment have hereby been shown to contribute to the development of secondary bacterial infections. In contrast, our understanding of how bacteria shape a response to subsequent viral infection is still limited. There is emerging evidence that persistent infection (or colonization) of the lower respiratory tract with potential pathogenic bacteria, as observed in diseases like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or cystic fibrosis (CF), modulates subsequent viral infections by increasing viral entry receptors and modulating the inflammatory response. Moreover, recent studies suggest that even healthy lungs are not, as had long been assumed, sterile. The composition of the lung microbiome may thus modulate responses to viral infections. Here we summarize the current knowledge on the co-pathogenesis between viruses and bacteria in lower respiratory tract (LRT) infections.
PMID: 27902340 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000627
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]