tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Viruses
. 2022 Dec 12;14(12):2773.
doi: 10.3390/v14122773.
Defective Interfering Particles of Influenza Virus and Their Characteristics, Impacts, and Use in Vaccines and Antiviral Strategies: A Systematic Review
Min Wu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Entong Zhou[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Rui Sheng[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Xiaoshu Fu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jiemin Li[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Chunlai Jiang[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Weiheng Su[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Defective interfering particles (DIPs) are particles containing defective viral genomes (DVGs) generated during viral replication. DIPs have been found in various RNA viruses, especially in influenza viruses. Evidence indicates that DIPs interfere with the replication and encapsulation of wild-type viruses, namely standard viruses (STVs) that contain full-length viral genomes. DIPs may also activate the innate immune response by stimulating interferon synthesis. In this review, the underlying generation mechanisms and characteristics of influenza virus DIPs are summarized. We also discuss the potential impact of DIPs on the immunogenicity of live attenuated influenza vaccines (LAIVs) and development of influenza vaccines based on NS1 gene-defective DIPs. Finally, we review the antiviral strategies based on influenza virus DIPs that have been used against both influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2. This review provides systematic insights into the theory and application of influenza virus DIPs.
Keywords: NS1; antiviral; clinical trial; defective interfering particles; defective viral genomes; influenza virus; interferon; live attenuated influenza vaccine; viral replication.
. 2022 Dec 12;14(12):2773.
doi: 10.3390/v14122773.
Defective Interfering Particles of Influenza Virus and Their Characteristics, Impacts, and Use in Vaccines and Antiviral Strategies: A Systematic Review
Min Wu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Entong Zhou[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Rui Sheng[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Xiaoshu Fu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jiemin Li[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Chunlai Jiang[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Weiheng Su[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 36560777
- DOI: 10.3390/v14122773
Abstract
Defective interfering particles (DIPs) are particles containing defective viral genomes (DVGs) generated during viral replication. DIPs have been found in various RNA viruses, especially in influenza viruses. Evidence indicates that DIPs interfere with the replication and encapsulation of wild-type viruses, namely standard viruses (STVs) that contain full-length viral genomes. DIPs may also activate the innate immune response by stimulating interferon synthesis. In this review, the underlying generation mechanisms and characteristics of influenza virus DIPs are summarized. We also discuss the potential impact of DIPs on the immunogenicity of live attenuated influenza vaccines (LAIVs) and development of influenza vaccines based on NS1 gene-defective DIPs. Finally, we review the antiviral strategies based on influenza virus DIPs that have been used against both influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2. This review provides systematic insights into the theory and application of influenza virus DIPs.
Keywords: NS1; antiviral; clinical trial; defective interfering particles; defective viral genomes; influenza virus; interferon; live attenuated influenza vaccine; viral replication.